The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro the antifungal, antibiofilm and antiproliferative activities of the extract from the leaves of Guapira graciliflora Mart. The phytochemical characterization of the extract was performed using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). The antimicrobial activity of the extract and its fractions was evaluated using the broth microdilution method against species of Candida. The inhibition of C. albicans biofilm was evaluated based on the number of colony-forming units (CFU) and metabolic activity (MTT). The antiproliferative activity of the extract and its fraction was evaluated in the presence of human tumor and non-tumor cells, and the cytotoxicity of the extract was determined on the RAW 264.7 macrophage line - both using the sulforhodamine B method. The phytochemical characterization indicated the presence of the flavonoids rutin and kaempferol. The extract and the methanol fraction exhibited moderate antifungal activity against C. albicans, C. krusei, and C. glabrata, and strong activity against C. dubliniensis. In the biofilms at 24 and 48 hours, the concentration of 12500 µg/mL of the extract was the most effective at reducing the number of CFU s/mL (44.4% and 42.9%, respectively) and the metabolic activity of C. albicans cells (34.6% and 52%, respectively). The extract and its fractions had no antiproliferative effect on the tumor lines tested, with mean activity (log GI50) equal to or greater than 1.71 µg/mL. Macrophage cell viability remained higher than 80% for concentrations of the extract of up to 62.5 µg/mL. G. graciliflora has flavonoids in its chemical composition and demonstrates potential antifungal and antibiofilm activity, with no evidence of a significant change in the viability of human tumor and non-tumor cell lines.
Odontoma is the most common type of odontogenic tumor and is most often diagnosed in the second decade of life. This benign tumor has a slow growth and is asymptomatic, which favors its persistence in the bone until some clinical sign emerges or the tumor or be detected in a routine radiograph. The aim of this case report was to present a clinic case of a 13-year-old male, who presented delayed exfoliation of the mandibular right primary canine. The radiographic exam revealed a radiopaque image in the anterior region of the mandible produced by structures that resembled the formation of teeth surrounded by a radiolucent area. Adjacent to the tumor, the impacted mandibular right canine was identified with deviation of its eruption axis. The clinical diagnosis was compound odontoma. Treatment consisted of the removal of the tumor and the surgically-assisted eruption of the tooth without orthodontic traction. After three years of follow up, the patient has exhibited positive results. It is possible to surgically assist the eruption of an impacted tooth, with a deviated axis, associated with an odontoma through the removal of the tumor and of the physical barrier (ostectomy) without orthodontic traction.
Alveólise é uma patologia ósseo-gengival caracterizada pela exposição da raiz dentária na cavidade oral, em função da reabsorção da tábua óssea alveolar, comumente relacionada ao traumatismo dentário e/ou cárie dentária. Considerada de baixa ocorrência, geralmente, acomete crianças do sexo masculino entre 4 e 5 anos de idade. O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar um caso clínico de alveólise em dente decíduo anterior, em uma criança de 6 anos de idade, com história de traumatismo dentário na região anterior da maxila. A lesão foi diagnosticada após exame clínico de rotina. No exame físico intraoral, observou-se a exposição do ápice radicular do dente 61, circundada por tecido levemente edemaciado e eritematoso e presença de ulceração na mucosa labial relacionada ao ápice exposto. O dente envolvido não apresentava cárie, apenas discreta fratura no ângulo incisal. O paciente apresentava uma condição bucal insatisfatória, caracterizada pela presença generalizada de biofilme dental visível e cárie precoce e severa da infância. No exame radiográfico não foi evidenciada reabsorção radicular no dente 61 e se constatou a presença dos incisivos centrais permanentes superiores em condições de normalidade. O diagnóstico foi de alveólise do tipo fenestração apical. O tratamento indicado foi a exodontia do dente afetado. Não houve intercorrência durante o tratamento e o pós-operatório foi satisfatório, considerando a erupção normal do dente sucessor e o restabelecimento das condições ideais de saúde bucal da criança. Concluiuse, portanto, que a alveólise é uma condição de fácil diagnóstico, tratamento simplificado e de bom prognóstico. Palavras IntroduçãoAlveólise é uma condição patológica caracterizada pela reabsorção da tábua óssea alveolar, geralmente por vestibular, com exposição radicular de um ou mais dentes decíduos na cavidade oral 1,2 . O fator desencadeante da alveólise ainda não foi elucidado, no entanto, tem sido associado ao traumatismo dentário e a cárie dentária, por induzirem uma infecção periapical crônica, com subsequente reabsorção da tábua óssea alveolar 2 . Apresenta como sinal patognomônico a exposição parcial ou total da raiz dentária na cavidade oral, sem evidências de reabsorção radicular. Acomete crianças na faixa etária entre 2 e 8 anos de idade, com maior ocorrência entre 4 e 5 anos, no sexo masculino, sendo a maxila anterior a região mais acometida 1 . Não apresenta sintomatologia dolorosa e a coroa dentária, em alguns casos, pode se mostrar com coloração escurecida 3,4 . Pode ser observada a presença de mobilidade dentária e perda de vitalidade pulpar do elemento afetado 1 . Em função da irritação crônica provocada pela raiz exposta, pode-se notar em torno da área de fenestração a formação de um tecido hiperplásico 5,6 . A alveólise pode ser classificada em dois tipos: fenestração apical ou deiscência, parcial ou total. Na fenestração apical ocorre exposição da porção apical da raiz dentária na cavidade oral. Na deiscência ocorre exposição da superfície radicular, inicialmente, da porção cervical
Background: Bauhinia forficata and Cnidoscolus quercifolius plants are commonly used in folk medicine. However, few studies have investigated their therapeutic potential.Aim: Herein, we evaluated the antimicrobial activity of B. forficata and C. quercifolius extracts against microorganisms of clinical relevance and their antiproliferative potential against tumor cells. Materials and methods:The following tests were performed: Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC)/minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC), inhibition of biofilm adhesion, and effects on cell morphology. Antiproliferative tests were carried out with human keratinocytes and six tumor lines. Results:Bauhinia forficata showed antimicrobial activity only against C. albicans with MIC of 15.62 µg/mL and MFC higher than 2000 μg/mL. It also inhibited biofilm adhesion and caused alterations in cell morphology. Cnidoscolus quercifolius showed no significant activity (MIC > 2.0 mg/mL) against the strains. Bauhinia forficata and C. quercifolius extracts showed cytostatic activity against the tumor cells. Conclusion:Bauhinia forficata has promising anti-Candida activity and should be further investigated for its therapeutic potential.
The emergence of multidrug-resistant strains to antibiotics has motivated the search for new substances with antimicrobial activity, especially those derived from medicinal plants. Salvia officinalis L. is a medicinal plant that arouses scientific interest due to being associated with multiple therapeutic effects. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial potential of S. officinalis L. against pathogens in the oral cavity. The antimicrobial potential of the ethanol extract of leaf of S. officinalis L was evaluated by broth microdilution, with determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and Minimum bactericidal/Fungicide concentration (MBC / MFC), against the species Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus sanguis, Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida guillermond, Candida krusei and Candida tropicalis. The extract showed moderate antifungal potential before Candida species (MIC = 1 mg/mL). And for the species of Streptococcus, the antimicrobial activity was from moderate to strong whose MIC ranged from 0.25 to 1 mg/mL. In this study, the extract from the leaves of S. officinalis L. presented oral cavity antimicrobial activity against pathogens. These results point to S. officinalis as a possible source of active ingredients in the development of formulations with antimicrobial activity of dental use.
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