A expressão dos componentes de produtividade do trigo pela classe tecnológica e aproveitamento do nitrogênio

Abstract

R E S U M OA expressão dos caracteres de produção do trigo depende de estímulos genéticos e ambientais. Portanto, objetivou-se avaliar, neste estudo, a expressão de caracteres de produção em trigos a partir de sua aptidão tecnológica para elucidar se cultivares com maior valor de alveografia também exigem maior fornecimento de N na elaboração dos componentes de produtividade de grãos em distintos sistemas de cultivo. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições no esquema fatorial 2 x 4, para as cultivar [BRS Guamirim (classe básico) e Fundacep Cristalino (classe melhorador)] e doses de nitrogênio [0, 60, 120, 180 kg ha -1 (sistema milho/trigo) e 0, 40, 80, 120 kg ha -1 (sistema soja/trigo)]. O maior fornecimento de N-fertilizante na elaboração dos componentes de produção de trigo não tem apoio na classe tecnológica da cultivar, independentemente do sistema de cultivo; assim, cultivares de trigo de elevada qualidade tecnológica podem expressar valores médios nos componentes de produção superiores àqueles de menor qualidade.The expression of the components of wheat yield by technological class and nitrogen use A B S T R A C TThe expression of the characteristics of wheat production depends on the genetic and environmental stimuli. Therefore, the objective of the study was to evaluate the expression of production traits in wheat from its technological ability to elucidate whether cultivars with the highest alveography also require greater supply of N in the preparation of the components of grain yield in distinct cropping systems. The experimental design adopted was a randomized block with four replications in a factorial 2 x 4, consisting of two cultivars [BRS Guamirim (basic class) and Fundacep Cristalino (improver class)] and four levels of nitrogen [0, 60, 120, 180 kg ha -1 (corn/wheat system) and 0, 40, 80, 120 kg ha -1 (soybean/ wheat system)]. The highest supply of N-fertilizer in the preparation of components of wheat production has no support in the technological class of the cultivar regardless of the cropping system. Therefore, cultivars of high quality wheat technology can express the components of mean values higher than those from lower quality produce. Palavras-chave:Triticum aestivum L. classe tecnológica nitrogênio relação C/N

A Proposal of Oat Productivity Simulation by Meteorological Elements, Growth Regulator and Nitrogen

“…In the two experiments, the experimental design was a randomized block with four replications in a 4 × 3 factorial scheme, in the sources of variation of growth regulator doses (0, 200, 400 and 600 mL•ha The harvest of the experiments to estimate the grain productivity occurred manually by cutting the three central lines of each plot. The time of grain harvest was also defined as the last cut of the experiment directed to the analysis of biomass productivity (120 days), near the harvest point, with grain moisture around 15% [17]. The plots were harvested with a stationary harvester and the harvested material was taken to the laboratory for the correction of grain moisture to 13% and obtention of grain productivity.…”

Biomass and grain yield of oats by growth regulator

“…Battisti et al (2013) claim that rainfall is the meteorological variable that most affects crop yield, in comparison to temperature, insolation and radiation. Arenhardt et al (2015) highlight that the condition of the cultivation year in wheat is predominantly defined by the distribution and volume of rainfall.…”

Nitrogen efficiency in wheat yield through the biopolymer hydrogel

“…One of the ways to improve N absorption by plants is the maintenance of soil moisture, since the N supply depends, among other factors, on moisture, aeration and temperature, which interact in the cultivation systems (Rocha et al, 2008;Silva et al, 2015). The use of the biopolymer hydrogel may represent a technology to regulate soil water availability to crops, which would favor the efficiency of absorption of nutrients and improve the yield (Azevedo et al, 2008;Mendonça et al, 2013).…”

“…Thus, N use efficiency by wheat is eventually compromised, decreasing the yield and increasing the losses to the environment (Prando et al, 2013. Technologies that allow to improve yield with greater sustainability are necessary, especially in the increase of N use efficiency in the agricultural processes (Pinnow et al, 2013; Mantai et al, 2015).One of the ways to improve N absorption by plants is the maintenance of soil moisture, since the N supply depends, among other factors, on moisture, aeration and temperature, which interact in the cultivation systems (Rocha et al, 2008;Silva et al, 2015). The use of the biopolymer hydrogel may represent a technology to regulate soil water availability to crops, which would favor the efficiency of absorption of nutrients and improve the yield (Azevedo et al, 2008;Mendonça et al, 2013).…”