Does periodontitis affect mean platelet volume(MPV) and plateletcrit (PCT) levels in healthy adults?

Abstract

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE Periodontitis may stimulate infectious and immune response and cause the development of atherogenesis, coronary heart disease, and myocardial infarction. The aim of this study was to compare the plateletcrit (PCT) and mean platelet volume (MPV) levels derived from complete blood count (CBC) tests in patients suffering from stage 3 periodontitis with those of healthy individuals without periodontal disease. METHODS The study included 57 patients (28 females and 29 males) with Stage 3 Periodontitis and 57 volunteering individuals (31 females and 26 males) who were periodontally healthy. The age of study participants ranged from 18 to 50 years. Their periodontal condition was investigated with probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level, bleeding on probing, and plaque index. Leukocyte (WBC) and erythrocyte count (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (HCT) levels, mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and red cell distribution width (RDW), thrombocyte count, mean platelet volume (MPV), plateletcrit (PCT ), and neutrophil and lymphocyte counts were evaluated based on the CBC test results of the study participants. RESULTS PCT, WBC, Neutrophil, and MPV values were found to be significantly higher in the periodontitis group (p<0.05). There were no significant differences in RBC counts, Hb, HCT, MCV, RDW, and platelet and lymphocyte counts between the two study groups (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS PCT and MPV levels may be a more useful marker to determine an increased thrombotic state and inflammatory response in periodontal diseases.

Relationship between risk markers for cardiovascular disease and peri-implant diseases

“…After age adjustment, we found that PCT value was significantly higher in the peri-implantitis group, but no significant correlation was found between the PCT values and clinical parameters. In a study by Ustaoğlu et al [55], PCT and MPV values were found significantly higher in patients with periodontitis, and there was a statistically significant relationship between PCT values and clinical parameters. They concluded that these markers might be a useful marker to determine an increased thrombotic state and inflammatory response in periodontal diseases.…”

Blood Cell Count Inflammatory Markers as Prognostic Indicators of Periodontitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…Regarding the selection section of the NOS scale, all the studies used pre-defined, transparent criteria to identify the presence of the disease (chronic periodontitis or aggressive periodontitis) and controls; thus, the case and control definitions were adequate. Nevertheless, the authors of the studies used different criteria to identify the disease according to official classifications (Periodontal Disease Classification, American Association of Periodontology 1999-three studies [ 23 , 25 , 28 ]; Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions 2017-four studies [ 1 , 2 , 26 , 27 ]; Center of Disease Control and Prevention, American Academy of Periodontology Periodontal Disease Classification CDC/AAP-one study [ 29 ]), or no specified classification [ 7 , 24 ]. Only two studies (20%) out of ten had clear representativeness of the cases [ 23 , 28 ].…”

“…For the other six, it might be difficult to assess if the selection of controls was correct. Half of the studies enrolled subjects from the department of periodontology [ 1 , 2 , 7 , 23 , 26 ]; the other studies enrolled subjects from the internal medicine [ 28 ] or cardiology departments [ 24 ], or from an electrical company [ 29 ], and in two studies, the population was not stated [ 25 , 27 ].…”

“…Inflammatory cells cause an immune response in the periodontal tissues [ 1 ]. The inflammatory mediators from the periodontal tissues can activate the immune system and initiate a systemic acute phase response [ 2 ]. In addition, many chronic diseases are linked to periodontitis, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cerebrovascular disease, neurodegenerative disease, and cancer [ 3 ].…”

Immunomodulation in the Treatment of Periodontitis: Progress and Perspectives

“…The periodontal lesion is initiated as acute inflammation characterized by increased numbers of neutrophils migrating into the gingival crevice through the junctional epithelium (1,25) as a result of chemotaxis by plaque. They are activated by chemoattractants macrophage inflammatory protein-1a (MIP-1a), C-X-C motif ligand 8 (CXCL8) and constitutive higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) (26) and initiate phagocytosis with the assistance of antibodies and complement (27,28), causing tissue damage (29) and excessive release of destructive molecules, which can be used to distinguish healthy and inflammatory periodontal tissues (30). In patients with periodontitis, recruitment, migration, and infiltration of neutrophils are increased in the early stage, while a significant reduction in phagocyte functions of neutrophils was observed in individuals with periodontitis (31).…”