From the measles-free status to the current outbreak in Brasil

Litvoc, Marcelo Nóbrega; Lopes, Max Igor Banks Ferreira

doi:10.1590/1806-9282.65.10.1129

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Broader social dimensions also come into play and are found in other countries, such as the increase in vaccine hesitancy and the public's distrust in vaccines, as well as dissemination of content that discourages vaccination, including fake news about the subject 20 . The immediate consequence of the drop in vaccine uptake rates is the return of measles in 2018, which had been eliminated from the country two years prior 21 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Covid-19 and its impact on immunization programs: reflections from Brazil

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Due to social distancing guidelines and the displacement of both human and material resources to fight the covid-19 pandemic, individuals seeking healthcare services face certain challenges. Immunization programs have already been a worrisome topic for health authorities due to declines in vaccine uptake rates and are now especially affected by the covid-19 pandemic. Disbelief in science, dissemination of fake news about vaccines, socioeconomic vulnerability and social inequality are some of the challenges faced. This commentary article discusses the impacts of the covid-19 pandemic on immunization programs in Brazil. In light of advances (and notability) of Brazil’s national immunization program, established in the 1970s, the programs face challenges, such as the recent drop in vaccine uptake rates. In addition to this health crisis, there is also Brazil’s current political crisis, which will undoubtedly require assistance from researchers, policymakers and society to be fixed.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Covid-19 and its impact on immunization programs: reflections from Brazil

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…8 Despite the global effort and the high immunization coverage achieved in most areas of the world, several outbreaks have still occurred in recent years, such as in Venezuela in 2017, Madagascar, Philippines and Brazil in 2019. [8][9][10][11] Sub-optimal immunization programs may also reestablish transmission in countries that have previously eliminated endemic virus transmission, including Mongolia in the Western Pacific region, Albania, Czech Republic, Greece, and the UK in the European region. 7 More recently, there has been an increasing concern about the effect of COVID 19 on immunization coverage for measles.…”

Section: Measles Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Global Measles Epidemic Risk: Current Perspectives on the Growing Need for Implementing Digital Communication Strategies</p>

Bozzola¹,

Spina²,

Tozzi³

et al. 2020

RMHP

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A safe vaccine against measles has been available and globally recommended since 1974. The World Health Organization established measles elimination as a goal for 2020 but, unfortunately, this objective has not been achieved yet and outbreaks still occur. Herd immunity, ie, a population immunity higher than 95%, is required to stop the measles virus transmission. Communication plays a crucial role in immunization strategy to obtain high coverage levels, as it helps to fight barriers against vaccination. Delay and refusal of measles vaccination have become widespread due to misinformation, fake news and barriers to effective communication. This phenomenon has been defined as "vaccine hesitancy" and is considered as one of the top ten risks for global health. The alleged association between measles vaccination and autism has caused a sharp decline in vaccination rates. In this current situation, mass communication integrated into public health policies is fundamental to sway people's positive attitudes toward vaccination. Digital communication strategies based on social media and other internet platforms may represent useful tools to promote immunization and discourage skepticism and complement information provided by health-care professionals who have been considered as the most credible source on risk/benefits on vaccines for families. Digital communication strategies that may help supporting the measles elimination strategy include monitoring information needs online, integrating digital communication into immunization programs, involving a multidisciplinary group in communication, developing content that balances facts with positive messaging, using multiple communication channels. Further research activities should be promoted in the field of effective communication for immunization.

show abstract

“…Em 2018, um surto iniciado na Região Norte do Brasil, atribuído ao genótipo D8, importado da Venezuela, culminou na ocorrência de casos que se disseminaram por vários estados, além de comunidades indígenas localizadas em Roraima e no Amazonas 10,11 . Como consequência, o Brasil perdeu o título de país livre do sarampo 12 .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Ressurgimento do sarampo no Brasil: análise da epidemia de 2019 no estado de São Paulo

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

OBJETIVO Analisar o perfil epidemiológico dos casos e o padrão de difusão espacial da maior epidemia de sarampo do Brasil ocorrida no período pós-eliminação, no estado de São Paulo. MÉTODO Estudo transversal, baseado em casos confirmados de sarampo em 2019. Foi conduzida análise bivariada das variáveis socioeconômicas, clínicas e epidemiológicas, segundo vacinação prévia e ocorrência de hospitalização, combinada a uma análise de difusão espacial dos casos por meio da metodologia de interpolação pela ponderação do inverso da distância. RESULTADOS Dos 15.598 casos confirmados, 2.039 foram hospitalizados e 17 evoluíram para o óbito. O pico epidêmico ocorreu na semana epidemiológica 33, após a confirmação do primeiro caso, na semana epidemiológica 6. A maioria dos casos era homem (52,1%), com idade entre 18 e 29 anos (38,7%), identificados como brancos (70%). Adultos jovens (39,7%) e menores de cinco anos (32,8%) foram as faixas etárias mais acometidas. Observou-se maior proporção de vacinação prévia em brancos, quando comparados a pretos, pardos, amarelos e indígenas (p < 0,001), assim como no grupo mais escolarizado, quando comparado às demais categorias (p < 0,001). O risco de hospitalização foi maior em crianças, quando comparado à faixa etária mais idosa (RI = 2,19; IC95% 1,66–2,88), assim como entre não vacinados, quando comparado a vacinados (RI = 1,59; IC95% 1,45–1,75). O padrão de difusão por contiguidade combinado à difusão por realocação seguiu a hierarquia urbana das regiões de influência das principais cidades. CONCLUSÃO Além da vacinação de rotina em crianças, os achados indicam a necessidade de campanhas de imunização de adultos jovens. Adicionalmente, estudos que busquem investigar a ocorrência de clusters de populações vulneráveis, propensas a menor cobertura de vacinação, são essenciais para ampliar a compreensão sobre a dinâmica de transmissão da doença e, assim, reorientar estratégias de controle que garantam a eliminação da doença.

show abstract

From the measles-free status to the current outbreak in Brasil

Cited by 13 publications

References 2 publications

Covid-19 and its impact on immunization programs: reflections from Brazil

Covid-19 and its impact on immunization programs: reflections from Brazil

<p>Global Measles Epidemic Risk: Current Perspectives on the Growing Need for Implementing Digital Communication Strategies</p>

Ressurgimento do sarampo no Brasil: análise da epidemia de 2019 no estado de São Paulo

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About