Reeducation of pelvic floor muscles in volleyball athletes

Ferreira, Sílvia; Ferreira, Margarida; Carvalhais, Alice; Santos, Paula Clara; Rocha, P. G. M. da; Brochado, Gabriela

doi:10.1590/1806-9282.60.05.010

Cited by 41 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…32 On the other hand, Yi et al 13 found that 24% of tri-athletes had at least one arm of the female athlete triad, but the athletic triad was not associated with symptoms of any pelvic floor disorders, for example, UI. Our results did not confirm other findings from other sports where low BMI 12,29 and length of participation in sport/hours of training 15,18,[33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43] were significant risk factors. This may be explained by the high training load and low BMI in all the rhythmic gymnasts.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

High level rhythmic gymnasts and urinary incontinence: Prevalence, risk factors, and influence on performance

Gram

Bø

2019

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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Urinary incontinence (UI) is common among exercising women, but no studies have been found in rhythmic gymnasts. The aims of the present study were to investigate the prevalence and risk factors for UI in rhythmic gymnasts and the impact of UI on performance. This was a cross-sectional study including all rhythmic gymnasts competing at the highest national and international level in Norway. One hundred and thirty-three gymnasts from 22 sports clubs were invited to participate. Background data and possible risk factors were collected via electronic questionnaires. UI was assessed by Urinary Incontinence short form (ICIQ-UI SF). The "Triad-specific selfreport questionnaire" was applied to assess the female athlete triad. Joint mobility was assessed by Beighton score. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess possible risk factors. One hundred and seven nulliparous rhythmic gymnasts (80.5% response rate) from 21 sports clubs, with mean age of 14.5 (SD 1.6) years, participated in the study. Thirty-four (31.8%) reported UI with 21 (61.8%), 3 (8.8%), 6 (17.6%), and 4 (11.8%) reporting stress, urgency, mixed urinary incontinence, and leakage for no obvious reason, respectively. BMI, hypermobility, menarche, disordered eating, and hours of training were not found to be risk factors for stress urinary incontinence.Twenty-four gymnasts with UI (70.6%) reported incontinence to influence sports performance; 10 (29.4%) reported to be afraid of visible leakage and 5 (14.7%) that the leakage would happen again. Seventy-four (69.1%) had never heard about the pelvic floor. In conclusion, UI is common in rhythmic gymnasts and may influence sports performance. K E Y W O R D Sfemale athletes, pelvic floor, performance, rhythmic gymnastics, urinary incontinence How to cite this article: Gram MCD, Bø K. High level rhythmic gymnasts and urinary incontinence: Prevalence, risk factors, and influence on performance. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2020;30:159-165. https ://doi.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

High level rhythmic gymnasts and urinary incontinence: Prevalence, risk factors, and influence on performance

Gram

Bø

2019

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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“…In relation to the type of UI, in studies by Ferreira et al [18], 32 volleyball athletes (100%) presented UI of effort; Reis et al [13] and Borin et al [17] observed effort-based UI among 30% and 19% of the volleyball athletes, respectively. From the 5 addressed articles, Nygaard et al [14], Borin et al [17], Simone et al [16], and Thyssen et al [19] recruited women above 18 years of age, whereas the study by Reis et al [13] involved also women aged below 18 years.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Women with UI feel ashamed and embarrassed to engage in various activities; it should be noted that urinary loss during sports practice involves one third of women and constitutes a social problem [19,29]. Therefore women adopt prevention strategies, such as the application of tampons during sports practice, lavatory use, and the reduction of liquid ingesting before exercises [18,19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary incontinence prevalence in the day-by-day life and during sports practice in volleyball athletes: a systematic review

Pereira¹,

Haupenthal²,

Scarabelot³

et al. 2018

Physiother Quart.

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Introduction. Urinary incontinence (UI) is perceived as a problem that affects older and multiparous women. However, recent studies report that involuntary loss of urine also affects athletes, young and nulliparous. There is controversy over the role of exercise in UI. Thus the purpose of the review is to describe and evaluate scientific evidence concerning the prevalence of UI in female volleyball athletes. Methods. The review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta--Analyses (PRISMA). The selected databases were PubMed, LILACS, PEDro, Medline, Cochrane, and ScienceDirect. The searches were performed between December 2016 and January 2017. The descriptors and Boolean operators used in the search were as follows: 'urinary incontinence AND athletes AND volleyball.' After peer evaluation, 47 studies were identified, and 6 articles were selected for review. The methodological evaluation was based on Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE).Results. The review identified the UI prevalence of 9-30% during sports practice and 17-18% in the day-by-day life. Practising physical exercise of high impact appears to be a causing factor of UI in women.Conclusions. Practising volleyball in the female population can be an important UI risk factor. Owing to the high prevalence of UI, coaches and athletes must be aware of the importance of training the pelvic floor muscles simultaneously with the sports practice. Key words: stress, urinary incontinence, muscles of the pelvic floor, sport review paper Citation: da Silva Pereira F, Haupenthal A, Scarabelot KS, Brunazo PF, Nunes I, Virtuoso JF. Urinary incontinence prevalence in the day--by-day life and during sports practice in volleyball athletes: a systematic review.

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“…Por fim, Ferreira et al 2 incluíram em seu estudo experimental 32 jogadoras de vôlei de um clube profissional de Portugal. 16 mulheres foram incluídas no grupo experimental que se submeteu a três meses de treinamento com protocolo e receberam folheto educativo.…”

Section: Tratamento Das Disfunções Dos Mapunclassified

“…Diversos fatores podem influenciar o funcionamento correto dos músculos do assoalho pélvico (MAP) e a prática de exercícios físicos destaca-se entre eles 1,2 . A atividade física oferece muitos benefícios para a saúde, contudo, alguns autores afirmam que quando praticada de forma exorbitante, pode levar a disfunções tais como a incontinência urinária (IU) 1,2 .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

A prática esportiva e o assoalho pélvico feminino: uma revisão da literatura.

Silva

Santos

Araújo³

et al. 2019

Arq Cien Esp

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ResumoObjetivos: a) Identificar a prevalência da incontinência urinária em atletas e praticantes de atividade física; b) Verificar o impacto da atividade física nos músculos do assoalho pélvico de atletas; e c) Averiguar as evidências científicas sobre o tratamento fisioterapêutico da incontinência urinária em atletas e praticantes de atividade física. Métodos: Foi realizada uma revisão crítica da literatura com buscas nas bases de dados Pubmed e Lilacs, nos últimos dez anos. Foram incluídos estudos experimentais que avaliaram a prevalência de incontinência urinária durante a prática esportiva, estudos sobre o impacto da atividade física nos músculos do assoalho pélvico e estudos de intervenção nas disfunções dos músculos do assoalho pélvico em atletas. Resultados: Foram incluídos 17 estudos. A prevalência da incontinência urinária variou entre 5% e 88,9%, a depender do tipo de atividade física. A idade média das mulheres foi de 24,9 anos sendo a maioria nuligesta. No que se refere ao impacto da atividade física nos músculos do assoalho pélvico, os principais métodos de avaliação muscular utilizados foram a palpação vaginal, eletromiografia e ultrassonografia tridimensional. Por fim, em relação ao tratamento, foram encontrados três estudos de intervenção, tipo antes e depois, onde diferentes tipos de protocolos foram utilizados com objetivo de reabilitação dos músculos do assoalho pélvico em mulheres atletas com queixa de incontinência urinária, mostrando efetividade. Conclusões: A reabilitação muscular pareceu ser eficaz para a melhora da incontinência urinária, são necessários mais estudos randomizados para melhor comprovação da sua prática.Palavras-Chave: assoalho pélvico, esportes, atletas, fisioterapia. AbstractObjectives: a) To identify the prevalence of urinary incontinence in athletes and practitioners of physical activity; b) To verify the impact of physical activity on athlete's pelvic floor muscles; and c) To investigate the scientific evidence about the physiotherapeutic treatment of urinary incontinence in athletes and practitioners of physical activity. Methods: A critical review of the literature was performed with searches in Pubmed and Lilacs databases,in the last ten years. We included experimental studies that evaluated the prevalence of urinary incontinence during sports practice, studies about the impact of physical activity on pelvic floor muscles, and intervention studies on pelvic floor dysfunction in athletes. Results:We included 17 studies. The prevalence of urinary incontinence ranged from 5% to 88.9% depending on the type of physical activity. The mean age of women was 24.9 years of age and the majority were nulligest. Regarding the impact of physical activity on the pelvic floor muscles of athletes, the main methods of muscle evaluation used were vaginal palpation, electromyography and three-dimensional ultrasonography. Finally, regarding the treatment, three intervention studies were found before and after, where different types of protocols were used with the aim of rehabilitating t...

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Reeducation of pelvic floor muscles in volleyball athletes

Cited by 41 publications

References 23 publications

High level rhythmic gymnasts and urinary incontinence: Prevalence, risk factors, and influence on performance

High level rhythmic gymnasts and urinary incontinence: Prevalence, risk factors, and influence on performance

Urinary incontinence prevalence in the day-by-day life and during sports practice in volleyball athletes: a systematic review

A prática esportiva e o assoalho pélvico feminino: uma revisão da literatura.

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