High level rhythmic gymnasts and urinary incontinence: Prevalence, risk factors, and influence on performance

Gram, Marte Charlotte Dobbertin; Bø, Kari

doi:10.1111/sms.13548

Cited by 48 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Fear of visible leakage was another common concern. This was also reported as the most common complaint by rhythmic gymnasts with SUI [10]. In these sports, athletes wear tight and minimal clothes; therefore, signs of leakage may be especially visible.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Strengths of the present study were the inclusion of toplevel athletes from different high-impact gymnastic and acrobatic sports and assessment of possible risk factors, bother and athletes' knowledge about the pelvic floor. We used valid and reliable questionnaires to collect data on UI and AI [7], and the total number of participants compares favorably with other studies of young female athletes [10,[15][16][17][18]20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, questions regarding UI during gymnastic and acrobatic activities, impact of UI on sports performance, and protective or preventive measures for UI during training or competition were included with provided options for responses. Some of these questions were based on a previous survey in rhythmic gymnasts [10] and others were constructed by the authors in collaboration with the sports federations. Questions from the ICIQ-B regarding sudden AI and worries of AI were added.…”

Section: Outcome Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We asked if they had previously heard about the PFM and from where, if they knew how or why to train the PFM, to rate their knowledge of the PFM on a scale of 1-10 and if they were willing to do PFM training if they knew how. These questions were selected from two studies by Neels et al [11] and Gram and Bo [10].…”

Section: Outcome Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Urinary and anal incontinence among female gymnasts and cheerleaders—bother and associated factors. A cross-sectional study

et al. 2021

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Introduction and hypothesis Artistic gymnastics, team gymnastics and cheerleading are sports including high-impact activities. It is presumed that the athletes’ pelvic floor must be functioning well to prevent urinary (UI) and anal incontinence (AI) during sports. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors for UI and AI in female artistic gymnasts, team gymnasts and cheerleaders; the influence of UI and AI on daily living and sport performance; and the athletes’ knowledge about the pelvic floor muscles (PFM). Methods All female athletes ≥ 12 years of age competing in ≥ 1 National Championship in artistic gymnastics, team gymnastics or cheerleading in 2018/2019 were invited. International Consensus on Incontinence Questionnaires were used to assess the prevalence/bother of UI and AI. Results Among the 319 gymnasts and cheerleaders who participated, the prevalence of UI and AI was 67% and 84%, respectively. Age, training ≥ 4 days/week and straining to void were significantly associated with stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and years of training with AI. Eighty-three percent of athletes with SUI reported a negative effect on sports performance, 22% would occasionally avoid training or specific exercises because of leakage, and 28% used pads for protection. Forty-one percent of the athletes had never heard about the PFM, and 74% reported an interest in PFM training to prevent/treat UI or AI. Conclusions UI and AI were prevalent in female gymnasts and cheerleaders, and SUI negatively influenced sport performance. The athletes’ knowledge about the PFM was limited.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Outcome Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Outcome Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Urinary and anal incontinence among female gymnasts and cheerleaders—bother and associated factors. A cross-sectional study

et al. 2021

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“…The incidence rate of SUI ranges from 10% to 55% among the females aged 15‐64 years old 4 . The risk factors for SUI include age, menopause, fluctuation of hormone levels and increased body mass index 5 . Although these female patients with SUI have no life threats, their quality of life and social image are seriously affected, 6 how to treat these patients has always been a tricky problem for clinical health providers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TVT‐O vs TVT‐S for female stress urinary incontinence: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Song

Shen

et al. 2020

Int J Clin Pract

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Background Tension‐free vaginal tape obturator (TVT‐O) and tension‐free vaginal tape secur (TVT‐S) are common surgeries for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI), several randomised controlled trials (RCTs) have compared the effects of TVT‐O and TVT‐S, yet the results remained inconsistent. Therefore, we attempted to conduct this systematic review and meta‐analysis to analyse the role of TVT‐O and TVT‐S in patients with SUI. Methods We searched PubMed databases from inception date to Jan 15, 2020 for RCTs that compared TVT‐O and TVT‐S in SUI patients. Two authors independently screened and extracted data from the published articles. Summary odd ratios (OR) or mean differences (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated for each outcome by fixed‐ or random‐effects model. Results Seven RCTs with a total of 755 patients were identified, with 373 patients for TVT‐O and 382 patients for TVT‐S. TVT‐O preceded TVT‐S in the objective cure at 12 months (OR = 1.72, 95% CI 1.21‐2.45), subjective cure (OR = 1.98, 95% CI 1.08‐3.62); but TVT‐S have more advantage in the incidence of postoperative thigh pain (OR = 18.94, 95% CI 7.01‐51.15); no significant differences on the duration of operative procedure (OR = −1.09, 95% CI −2.37‐0.18), urinary retention (OR = 0.77, 95% CI 0.36‐1.62) and urinary infection (OR = 1.80, 95% CI 0.63‐5.13) were found. Conclusions TVT‐O should be preferred for patients with SUI even though with higher risks of postoperative thigh pain when compared with TVT‐S, more related studies are needed to identify the role of TVT‐O and TVT‐S for the treatment of SUI.

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Impact of educational workshops to increase awareness of pelvic floor dysfunction and integrate preventive lifestyle habits

Pizzoferrato,

Deparis,

Fritel

et al. 2023

Intl J Gynecology & Obste

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ObjectivesOur objectives were to evaluate the impact of group pelvic floor education workshops on participants' knowledge, their satisfaction, and the modification of their urinary and digestive behaviors, and to compare health care providers' (HCP) knowledge with that of the general population.MethodsFor this prospective observational study, group pelvic floor education workshops were proposed between May 2021 and June 2022 in a web‐conference format. Each workshop covered pelvic floor anatomy and physiology, urinary and digestive physiology as well as risk factors of PFD and preventive measures. At the start and the end of the workshops, participants completed a questionnaire on their knowledge and their beliefs about the pelvic floor. Questions about their satisfaction were asked at the end of the workshops. A 2‐month questionnaire assessed changes in urinary and digestive habits and whether participants had talked about the workshop around them.ResultsA total of 856, with an average age 40.1 years, participated and completed the questionnaires before and after the workshops; 694 responded at 2 months. The education workshops significantly improved knowledge about the pelvic floor in the “HCP” and “non‐HCP” groups. At 2 months, 591 participants (85.2%) 85.2% had talked about the workshop content; 557 (80.3%) reported having changed, or planned to change, their urinary behaviors and 495 (71.3%) their defecatory behaviors.ConclusionsPelvic floor education workshops can increase level of knowledge and thus limit risky behaviors for the pelvic floor. The high rate of participation and the satisfaction of the participants shows the interest for the theme.

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High level rhythmic gymnasts and urinary incontinence: Prevalence, risk factors, and influence on performance

Cited by 48 publications

References 41 publications

Urinary and anal incontinence among female gymnasts and cheerleaders—bother and associated factors. A cross-sectional study

Urinary and anal incontinence among female gymnasts and cheerleaders—bother and associated factors. A cross-sectional study

TVT‐O vs TVT‐S for female stress urinary incontinence: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Impact of educational workshops to increase awareness of pelvic floor dysfunction and integrate preventive lifestyle habits

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