Dietary Levels of Zinc and Manganese on the Performance of Broilers Between 1 to 42 Days of Age

Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine the optimal dietary concentration of zinc and manganese on the performance characteristic and the requirement of these trace minerals derived from organic sources for broilers from 1 to 42 days of age. In experiment 1, zinc was evaluated, whereas manganese was evaluated in experiment 2. In each experiment, 320 males chicks were distributed in iron mesh metabolic cages (0.9m x 0.7m x 0.5m), according to a completely randomized experimental design in eight treatments with five replicates of eight birds each. In experiment 1, zinc sulfate was included at 0,60 and 100mg/kg and zinc methionine at 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100mg/kg. In experiment 2, manganese sulfate was added at 0, 65 and 105mg/kg and manganese methionine at 25, 45, 65, 85 and 105 mg/kg. Trace mineral requirements were determined comparing only organic trace mineral levels. The evaluated trace minerals (zinc and manganese) did not influence broiler performance, independently of source or level. It was concluded that the requirements of broilers from 1 to 42 days of age were supplied with no addition of zinc or manganese, under the conditions of the present experiments. However, under commercial rearing conditions, which are more challenging, the use of levels higher than 33.00 mg/kg and37.80 mg/kg of zinc and manganese, respectively, may be justified.

Effects of Dietary Zinc Levels on the Growth Performance, Organ Zinc Content, and Zinc Retention in Broiler Chickens

“…However, broiler performance was not affected by supplemental Zn levels in the present study. Previous studies had also observed that broiler growth was not affected by dietary Zn concentrations (Bartlett and Smith, 2003; Rossi et al, 2007;Sunder et al, 2008;Owens et al, 2009;Yang et al, 2011;Star et al, 2012;Liao et al, 2013;Pacheco et al, 2017;Zakaria et al, 2017). This is attributed to the Zn content of basal diets (about 30 mg/kg), which is adequate to maintain the growth of broiler chickens from 1 to 42 d of age.…”

“…The analyzed Zn contents in the basal starter (fed between 1 to 21 days of age) and grower (fed between 22 and 42 days) diets were 34.98 and 27.57 mg/kg, respectively (Table 2). Bartlett and Smith (2003), Ao et al (2007), Huang et al (2007), Sunder et al (2008), Star et al (2012), and Pacheco et al (2017) determined that the Zn content of corn-soybean basal diets for broilers ranges from 25 to 35 mg/kg, indicating an average Zn content of 30 mg/kg. The Zn content of the basal diet cannot be overlooked when formulating broiler chicken feeds.…”

Comparative Effects of Inorganic and Three Forms of Organic Trace Minerals on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, Immunity and Profitability of Broilers

“…It was shown that the final body weight did not differ statistically between the birds fed OTM and ITM containing feeds [14] which were also in agreement with our result. Pacheco et al [15] reported that organic Zn and inorganic Zn had no significant effect on the body weight which was also found by several authors [16–20]. In another study [21], broiler birds fed yeast proteinate-supplemented diet had better effect on body weight (BW) compared with negative control, ITM, and methionine chelates of trace minerals (Met-TM) groups ( p < 0.001) which agreed with our numerically higher results.…”

Mineralização óssea na tíbia em frangos de corte alimentados com dietas contendo diferentes níveis e fontes de zinco e manganês

“…Valores médios para as características ósseas de frangos de corte aos 21 e aos 42 dias de idade, conforme níveis de manganês orgânico na dieta (Experimento 2). Nas condições experimentais do estudo de PACHECO et al (2017) os requisitos de zinco e manganês para o desempenho de frangos de corte no período de 1 a 42 dias de idade foram supridos sem adição de zinco ou manganês (independente da forma: orgânica ou inorgânica). Contudo, sob condições comerciais de criação, que são mais desafiadoras, o uso de níveis superiores a 33,00 mg/kg e 37,80 mg/kg de zinco e manganês, respectivamente pode ser justificada.…”