Co-infection by Neopora caninum and bovine viral diarrhea virus in cattle from Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, destined to exportation

Abstract

Reproductive tests in cattle are of great economic importance, given the impact it can have on the production system and may be caused by agents. Neospora caninum and Bovine Viral Diarrhea virus (BVDV) are considered of great importance as reproductive and should be considered responsible for keeping animals persistently infected. The present study included 479 calf serum samples for export in the state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS). All samples were screened for BVDV by an ELISA antigen. BVDV antigen-positive ELISA samples were isolated from BVDV in cell culture. An indirect immunofluorescence (IFT) technique was used to detect anti-N. caninum antibodies. Of the 479 export-treated serum samples, 361 were positive for BVDV antigens by ELISA and/or viral isolation test (361/479-75.36%), and 109 IFT-positive samples for N. caninum (109/479-22.75%). Despite detection of antibodies anti-N. caninum did not differ statistically between naturally infected BVDV and non-BVDV infected animals suggesting that there is no interference of BVDV infection on infection or detection rate of animals with N. caninum, positive animals in viral isolation and high DO in BVDV-Ag ELISA. may present active disease and consequent immunosuppression, contributing to a potential reactivation of N. caninum.

Investigation of The Association Between Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus and Neospora caninum as a Cause of Abortion in Cattle

“…Previous studies have reported the consequences of concurrent NC and BVDV infections in cattle-producing abortion (Dubey and Schares, 2006;Yang et al, 2012). BVDV and N. caninum coinfection is reported in other studies and suggested that it should be related to higher rates of reproductive losses and, consequently, economic losses (Alves, et al, 2020).…”

HoBi-like Pestivirus Is Highly Prevalent in Cattle Herds in the Amazon Region (Northern Brazil)

“…For instance, in Europe, Asia, and North America, antibody prevalence reaches 60 to 90% [ 72 ]. Similarly, serological studies in many Brazilian states show seropositivity rates ranging from 40 to 75% [ 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 ]. However, most of these studies performed serology using a single bovine pestivirus species.…”

Evaluation of antibody and antigen cross-reaction in Kenyan dairy cattle naturally infected with two pestiviruses: Bovine viral diarrhea virus and classical swine fever virus

“…BVDV can easily be transmitted between cattle through body secretions and BVDV antibodies can remain in circulation for long periods of time [ 43 - 45 ]. A study looking at Neospora caninum and BVDV in export cattle from Rio Grande, Brazil found 75.36% being positive for BVDV Ags [ 46 ]. The prevalence of BVDV had been reported to be high in situations where mixed livestock are kept together and where wildlife and domestic cattle co-mingle [ 13 , 25 , 47 ].…”