Investigation of The Association Between Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus and Neospora caninum as a Cause of Abortion in Cattle

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the complementary association between Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) and Neospora caninum (NC) in the induction of abortion in cattle. The study was carried out on 116 serum samples collected from 116 aborted cows in different Egyptian localities. All blood samples were immediately transported to the diagnostic laboratory. Serum was harvested after centrifugation at 1500×g for 10 min. All sera were divided equally into two microtubes and stored at -20 °C until laboratory testing. Double antibody sandwich immunoenzymatic assay (DS.ELISA) is used for bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) p80/p125 antigen detection and Anti-Neospora caninum (NC) antibodies were detected using an indirect ELISA. Our results cleared that the incidences of BVDV and NC among examined cow's serum samples were 66 (56.9 %), where the incidences of BVDV and NC were 31 (26.72 %) and 35 (30.17 %), respectively. There were 18 (27.3 %) samples that showed mixed infection BVDV and NC incidences among examined cattle serum samples. The study concluded that the prevalence of BVDV and NC are high and widely spread in cattle farms in Egypt. There is a pronounced association between BVDV and NC and concurrent infection in cattle farms in Egypt. So we should coordinate surveillance and control programs on abortifacient pathogens (BVDV and NC) should be developed and implemented, which would reduce the losses associated with these diseases in cattle farms.

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum and Trichinella spp. in Pigs from Cairo, Egypt

“…Although N. caninum might not be a serious parasite for the pig industry, its detection in pigs might constitute a major risk for ruminants and other animals because of multiple species being raised in the same place. The seroprevalence in pigs was most similar to rates reported in cattle (24.6% [ 50 ], 29% [ 51 ], and 30.2% [ 52 ]) and higher than the rates reported in all other animal species, with the exception of one study in buffaloes ( Table 5 ). Furthermore, in comparison with the seroprevalence rate of N. caninum in domestic pigs from other countries, our infection rate seemed higher.…”

“…In our previous reports using the same ELISA as in the current study, we demonstrated seroprevalence rates for N. caninum of 3.9% in camels [ 44 ], 15.5% and 5% in sheep and goats, respectively [ 45 ], 5.8% in dogs, 3.4% in cats [ 49 ], and 24.6% in cattle [ 50 ]. Nonetheless, serum samples from aborted cows revealed N. caninum infections in addition to Coxiella burnetii [ 51 ] or Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus [ 52 ]. Furthermore, the number of N. caninum seropositive camels increased among females with an abortion history [ 53 ].…”

Neosporosis in Farm Animals

“…Dubey et al (1998) reported that the prevalence of N. caninum in the Egyptian delta region is high. N. Caninum antibodies were detected in cattle and buffalo at 68% and 20.43%, respectively, in addition, El-Mohamady et al (2022) found that the detected antibodies for N. caninumwas30.17% from the116investigatedsera of cattle. As a result, among cows with higher abortion rate, they revealed higher seroprevalence rate for N. caninum that showed the underutilized part of N. Caninum infection as the cause of abortion in Egyptian dairy herds (Gaber et al, 2021).…”