Histopathology and immunohistochemistry of peripheral neural sheath tumor and perivascular wall tumor in dog

Abstract

Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) comprise a heterogeneous group of malignancies derived from extra-skeletal mesenchymal tissues that may show similar histopathological changes. Histopathologic patterns suggestive of perivascular wall tumors (PWT) and peripheral nerve sheath tumors (PNST) have been described. This study investigated the histogenesis in a series of 71 cases of canine STS that showed morphological compatibility with what is described for PWT and PNST. Immunohistochemistry analysis were done to CD56, S100, SMA, Desmin, Von Willebrand Factor, NSE and GFAP. Twenty-one cases (29.6%) showed histopathologic features compatible with PWT, 23 cases (32.4%) with PNST and 27 cases (38.0%) shared both histopathological features. By immunohistochemistry, 59 (83.1%) cases showed positivity only for neural markers and 12 (16.9%) had simultaneous positivity for both neural and muscle markers. PNST was the most prevalent neoplasm and none of the cases were positive for muscle markers only. The histopathologic features were not useful to define the diagnosis of PWT, since most tumors were negative for muscle markers but positive for neural markers. Due to this immunoreactivity and the morphologic features, future studies may propose guidelines for the classification of these neoplasms.

Comparative whole transcriptome analysis of gene expression in three canine soft tissue sarcoma types

“…The identification of specific STS subtypes can have prognostic and clinical significance in the management of associated disease in both humans and companion animals [ 4 , 11 – 13 ]. Several previous studies have examined immunological and genetic markers for their potential as markers for STS subtypes.…”

“…STS are typically diagnosed by examination of tumor histology using hematoxylin and eosin-stained tissue sections. However, due to their similar histological appearance, differentiation of histological subtypes of STS using these methods is difficult [ 11 , 12 ]. The diagnosis of specific tumor subtype can have both prognostic and therapeutic value [ 4 , 11 – 13 ] and errors may have significant therapeutic consequences [ 14 , 15 ].…”

“…However, due to their similar histological appearance, differentiation of histological subtypes of STS using these methods is difficult [11,12]. The diagnosis of specific tumor subtype can have both prognostic and therapeutic value [4,[11][12][13] and errors may have significant therapeutic consequences [14,15]. The value of histologic type in canine soft tissue sarcomas is less clear, potentially due to the lack of consistent methods for accurate differentiation of STS type (3).…”

Nerve Fiber Immunohistochemical Panel Discriminates between Nerve Sheath and Perivascular Wall Tumors

“…Previous studies have similarly focused on the differential diagnosis between NST and PWT using immunohistochemical panels [ 16 , 18 , 19 ]. Our study agrees with these published data by confirming that NST, different than PWT, are not immunoreactive to muscle markers such as SMA.…”

Neuroendocrine Carcinomas of the Canine Mammary Gland: Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Characteristics

“…Reagents were manually applied and immunoreactivity was visualized by incubating the slides with diaminobenzidine chromogen (DAB Substrate System, Dako, Carpinteria, CA, USA) for 3 min. Details of the antibodies against Synaptophysin (1,22,23), NSE (22,24), CD56 (24), PGP 9.5 (25,26), Chromogranin A (25,27), Estrogen Receptor -RE (28), Progesterone Receptor -PR (29), Pancitokeratin (22) and Ki67 (30), dilutions, antigen retrieval procedures and incubation times used in the immunostaining process are shown in Table 1. Normal canine mammary gland was used as an internal positive control for Estrogen and Progesterone Receptors and Pancitokeratin.…”