PCR-based identification of Mycobacterium murphy causing Canine Leproid Granuloma Syndrome in Niterói, southeast Brazil - case report

Pereira, Miguel Augusto Martins; Nowosh, V.; Suffys, Phillip Noel; Queiroz, Gabriel Bobany de; Silva, K.M.O.; Lourenço, Maria Cristina S.; Vicente, Ana Carolina Paulo; Fontes, Amanda Nogueira Brum; Morgado, Sérgio; Neves, Rute

doi:10.1590/1678-4162-10079

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…A coloração escolhida neste trabalho foi a de Ziehl-Neelsen, demonstrando bacilos álcool-ácido resistentes no interior de macrófagos, coloração adotada também pelos seguintes autores [1,2,8,11,14]. Pode-se complementar o diagnóstico utilizando ainda a imuno--histoquímica e PCR de cortes histológicos [1,[11][12][13][14]. Dentre os diagnósticos diferenciais do GLC devemos distinguir processos nodulares inflamatórios dos neoplásicos que apresentam a mesma predileção pela região anatômica de face, orelha e extremidade de membro, como as micoses subcutâneas (esporotricose), granuloma estéril idiopático, tumores de células basais (tricoblastoma) e neoplasias de células redondas (mastocitoma, histiocitoma e plasmocitoma cutâneos) [2,6].…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Canine Leproid Granuloma in Mineiros City Mid-West Region of Brazil

Ribeiro¹,

Silva²,

Saldanha³

et al. 2021

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background: Among the bacterial dermopathy the canine leproid granuloma (CLG) is a nodular pyogranulomatous disorder that affects the skin or subcutaneous tissue mainly in the dorsal face of ear pinna, head, and extremity of members caused by Mycobacterium spp. The pathogenicity is still not well clarified regarding the causative agent, which has not yet been completely typified, but phylogenetically, it is related to Mycobacterium tilburgii, M. simiae, and M. genavense, in Brazil, by the species M. murphy. The objective of this study is to report a case of canine leproid granuloma, through cytology and histopathology, and present the therapeutic procedures until the regression of cutaneous lesion.Case: A 5-year-old Boxer breed, intac male weighing 32 kg, was assisted at the Veterinary Clinic of UNIFIMES, in Mineiros City, Mid-West Region of Brazil, GO, Brazil. The animal had 4 nodules in the ears with evolution of 30 days, with no pruritus and without previous treatment. During the physical exam, the animal had normal physiological parameters. The cutaneous lesions were characterised by papules and alopecic nodules of firm to fibroelastic consistency, with progressive increase, located in the convex face of the ears. The fine needle aspiration puncture technique (FNAP) and histopathology for a definitive diagnosis was used, allowing the differentiation between inflammatory processes, infectious and neoplastic. Furthermore, blood was collected for hemogram and biochemical analysis for the assessment of renal and hepatic functions. In cytology, the stained blades by the Diff-quick stain in the microscopic exam had elevated cellularity, with several macrophages, and bacilliform structures in the negative image. Staining was also conducted by the Ziehl-Neelsen technique, which showed the presence of alcohol-acid-resistant bacilli (AARB) inside macrophages and in the centre of granuloma. In the animal’s follow up, a punch biopsy for histopathologic was conducted. A predominance of macrophages of epithelioid appearance, which were localised in the centre of nodulations, variable quantities de-agglomerates of degenerated neutrophils, was observed. In the periphery of the lesion intense infiltrate of lymphocytes and plasmocytes was found. Based on the clinical history, in the physical exam and laboratory findings, a treatment for mycobacteriosis with oral enrofloxacin 10 mg/kg every 24 h associated to doxycycline 10 mg/kg every 24 h and rifampicin topical twice a day in the cutaneous lesions was initiated. After three months of treatment, the animal did not have collateral effects with the association of antibiotics and had a complete clinical resolution, without recurrence.Discussion: Despite that the CLG etiopathogeny is not well clarified, it is important to highlight the involvement of insects, such as flies and mosquitoes, inoculating the mycobacteria. Despite the fact that large size dogs, of breeds with short hair that are raised outdoors, have greater susceptibility to CLG and the lesions can be located specially in the face and ears, it is recommended to use complementary exams, such as cytology and histopathology, to obtain a definitive diagnosis. The CLG is a disease already reported in some regions of the Brazilian territory; however, it is believed that it is underdiagnosed, making it difficult to effectively use the therapeutic protocol.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Canine Leproid Granuloma in Mineiros City Mid-West Region of Brazil

Ribeiro¹,

Silva²,

Saldanha³

et al. 2021

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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“…6,14 Mycobacterium sp. Murphy has also been identified in cases of CLG in various U.S. states (California, Florida, Hawaii), 4 Italy, 3 and Brazil, 10 suggesting that this agent is the most likely cause of this condition in different geographic locations. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that Mycobacterium sp.…”

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Canine leproid granuloma caused by a member of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex

et al. 2023

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Canine leproid granuloma (CLG) is a chronic form of dermatitis that has been associated with nontuberculous mycobacterial infections in Africa, Oceania, the Americas, and Europe. We report here a case of CLG associated with a member of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC), which could be of public health concern. An 8-y-old pet dog developed 0.5–1-cm diameter, raised, firm, nonpruritic, alopecic, painless skin nodules on the external aspects of both pinnae. Histologic examination revealed severe pyogranulomatous dermatitis with intracellular Ziehl-Neelsen–positive bacilli that were immunoreactive by immunohistochemistry using a polyclonal primary antibody that recognizes tuberculous and nontuberculous Mycobacterium species. DNA extracted from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded skin sections was tested by a Mycobacterium genus–specific nested PCR assay targeting the 16S rRNA gene. BLAST sequence analysis of 214-bp and 178-bp amplicons showed 99.5% identity with members of the MTBC; however, the agent could not be identified at the species level. Although CLG has been associated traditionally with nontuberculous mycobacterial infections, the role of Mycobacterium spp. within the MTBC as a cause of this condition, and the role of dogs with CLG as possible sources of MTBC to other animals and humans, should not be disregarded given its zoonotic potential.

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PCR-based identification of Mycobacterium murphy causing Canine Leproid Granuloma Syndrome in Niterói, southeast Brazil - case report

Cited by 2 publications

References 9 publications

Canine Leproid Granuloma in Mineiros City Mid-West Region of Brazil

Canine Leproid Granuloma in Mineiros City Mid-West Region of Brazil

Canine leproid granuloma caused by a member of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex

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