Evaluation of the frequency of Candida spp. in hospitalized and non-hospitalized subjects

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of Candida species between a non-hospitalized and a hospitalized population. For this purpose, samples of saliva were sampled through sterile swabs, moistened in peptone water and rubbed in the oral cavity of 140 individuals, from which, 70 were hospitalized patients from the Medical Clinic of a Teaching Hospital and the other 70 were non-hospitalized subjects. All saliva samples were plated in Sabouraud Dextrose agar added with Chloramphenicol and incubated at 36 °C for 48 hours. The morphology identification was performed through macroscopic and microscopic characterization, the CHROMagar Candida medium and the VITEK® system Yeast Biochemical Card (bio Mérieux SA, France). The results showed a colonization of Candida spp. in 85.7% the hospitalized individuals, where the species found were C. albicans (60%), C. tropicalis (23.4%), C. krusei (3.3%) and Candida spp. (13.3%). In the non-hospitalized individuals the colonization by Candida spp was 47.1%, and the species found were: C. albicans (45.5%), C.krusei (9.1%), C. guilliermondii (9.1% %), C. tropicalis (3.0%), C. famata (3.0%) and Candida spp. (30.3%). In spite of their presence in oral cavity in both groups, Candida spp. was more frequently isolated in hospitalized individuals, who were 6.73 times more likely to have this fungus in the oral cavity and were 3.88 times more likely to have Candida albicans.

Update of the list of QPS‐recommended biological agents intentionally added to food or feed as notified to EFSA 9: suitability of taxonomic units notified to EFSA until September 2018

“…For 6 (Kumari et al., ; Mohamed et al., ; Rajkowska and Kunicka‐Styczyńska, ; Vieira et al., ; Yang and Mao, ; Yenisehirli et al., ) of these 21 references, the value of the results and conclusions presented were very limited due to a weaknesses in the methodology used for identity confirmation of the microorganism in all references, to a lack of information regarding the source attribution in three of them (Rajkowska and Kunicka‐Styczyńska, ; Yenisehirli et al., ) or to predisposing factors in the exposed subject (Yang and Mao, ).…”

“…Out of these 15 papers describing a safety concern for one or several QPS yeast species, 10 referred to Candida kefyr (teleomorph = Kluyveromyces marxianus) Aslani et al, 2018;Charsizadeh et al, 2018a,b,c;Jahanshiri et al, 2018;), five to Saccharomyces cerevisiae of which one was identified as Saccharomyces boulardii Wasilewska and Wroblewska, 2018)), five to Candida famata (teleomorph = Debaryomyces hansenii) ; Rajkowska and Kunicka-Styczy nska, 2018;Taverna et al, 2018;Vieira et al, 2018) and one to Hanseniaspora uvarum .…”

“…Out of these 15 papers describing a safety concern for one or several QPS yeast species, 10 referred to Candida kefyr (teleomorph = Kluyveromyces marxianus ) (Al‐Tekreeti et al., ; Aslani et al., ; Charsizadeh et al., ,b,c; Jahanshiri et al., ; Nejat et al., ; Ortiz et al., ; Sav et al., ; Scapaticci et al., )), five to Saccharomyces cerevisiae of which one was identified as Saccharomyces boulardii (Aslani et al., ; Dangarembizi et al., ; Scapaticci et al., ; Sekyere and Asante, ; Wasilewska and Wroblewska, )), five to Candida famata (teleomorph = Debaryomyces hansenii ) (Kumari et al. (); (Mohamed et al., ; Rajkowska and Kunicka‐Styczyńska, ; Taverna et al., ; Vieira et al., ) and one to Hanseniaspora uvarum (Siavoshi et al., ).…”

COMPARAÇÃO DA SENSIBILIDADE E ESPECIFICIDADE ENTRE DOIS MÉTODOS DE IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE Candida albicans

“…Espécies como Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida parapsilosis, Candida tropicalis e Candida krusei são relatadas como as principais causadoras de infecções fúngicas, sendo C. albicans a espécie prevalente (BONA et al, 2016;VIEIRA et al, 2018;PIGATTO et al, 2019;LONE;AHMAD, 2020). Estas infecções causadas por leveduras podem ser classificadas como superficiais, cutâneas ou sistêmicas, e ainda primárias ou oportunistas (MONTES et al, 2019;ARRIOLA;ARBO, 2020).…”

Melhoramento da estabilidade física do pró-fármaco 5-Fluorocitosina >i<via>/i< cocristalização

“…[102][103][104] Estudos apresentam o aumento da morbidade e da mortalidade em ambientes hospitalares com foco em indivíduos leucêmicos, os quais são altamente propensos à contaminação por fungos. [105][106][107][108][109] Como diversas infecções causadas por estes microrganismos são indetectáveis, muitas dessas informações somente puderam ser identificadas e catalogadas a partir de dados de autópsia, ou seja, post mortem. [110][111][112] Outro caso de coexistência descrito em trabalhos científicos é o ocorrido entre patógenos fúngicos (Candida albicans, por exemplo) e a bactéria causadora da TB (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)principalmente em pacientes imunossuprimidos e menos frequentemente em pacientes imunocompetentes.…”