2004
DOI: 10.1590/1415-47142004002007
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Psiquiatria e neurociências: como “redescobrir“ o cérebro sem eclipsar o sujeito

Abstract: Há pouco mais de cinqüenta anos Ryle (1949) identificava, de modo crítico, aquilo que chamou de a doutrina oficial de filósofos, psicólogos, médicos e religiosos: o dualismo cartesiano. Embora o alcance de sua análise lingüística do dualismo fosse estritamente filosófico, ela não deixa de nos interessar na medida em que a psiquiatria e a psicopatologia se constituem como campo de conhecimento e práticas, ao longo do século XIX, sob a égide do dualismo.O tipo "especial" de medicina que fez da psiquiatria a prim… Show more

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Cited by 5 publications
(4 citation statements)
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“…While it was committed to the classificatory principles of natural history, psychiatry was then a science that focused its attention on the soul, volition, and understanding, leading it to break away methodologically from the rest of clinical medicine, which became increasingly rooted in the materiality of the body. It was only with the advent of studies in somatology in the nineteenth century that psychiatry drew closer to medicine, moving away from the aegis of alienist dualism and towards physicalism-inspired goals in the study and treatment of madness (Serpa Jr., 2004;Venancio, 1993). Lobotomy, leukotomy, electroshock treatment, and insulin coma therapy, all created in the interwar period, were undoubtedly the supreme expression of the direction mental healthcare was taking in the period in question.…”
Section: Modern Forms Of Trepanationmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…While it was committed to the classificatory principles of natural history, psychiatry was then a science that focused its attention on the soul, volition, and understanding, leading it to break away methodologically from the rest of clinical medicine, which became increasingly rooted in the materiality of the body. It was only with the advent of studies in somatology in the nineteenth century that psychiatry drew closer to medicine, moving away from the aegis of alienist dualism and towards physicalism-inspired goals in the study and treatment of madness (Serpa Jr., 2004;Venancio, 1993). Lobotomy, leukotomy, electroshock treatment, and insulin coma therapy, all created in the interwar period, were undoubtedly the supreme expression of the direction mental healthcare was taking in the period in question.…”
Section: Modern Forms Of Trepanationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Finally, there is some need to analyze the complexity of the so-called somatic individuality that supposedly makes up contemporary physicalism, insofar as it is verified not just in the field of biological psychiatry and localizationist neuroscience, but also in corporal therapies and the more phenomenological branches of neuroscience with an eye to cerebral plasticity and epigenetics (Russo, Ponciano, 2002;Serpa Jr., 2004). It is possible that Nise da Silveira's own therapeutic proposal was already a compromise between psychological individuality and somatic individuality.…”
Section: Final Considerationsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Ainda que a psicanálise freudiana tenha promovido um certo deslocamento das questões somáticas para as psicológicas (como no caso da histeria), a importância das características anatômicas permanece fundamental para seus desenvolvimentos teóricos (como no referido caso do complexo edipiano), sobretudo aqueles relativos à constituição da sexualidade. Devese entender este fato levando-se em consideração que os saberes psicológicos -psiquiatria, psicanálise e psicologia -são delineados sob a égide do dualismo corpo/mente, e que seus múltiplos desdobramentos constituem tentativas de (re)definir a natureza da relação entre tais termos (seja pela manutenção do dualismo, seja por sua aproximação, seja por sua redução em um monismo fisicalista) (Serpa, 2004).…”
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“…Kendler, especialista em genética psiquiátrica e uma das mais respeitadas vozes da psiquiatria científica, não compartilha, em absoluto, da ideia de que os avanços neurocientíficos tornariam ociosa a dimensão experencial: "while we want to take advantage of the many advances in the neurosciences and molecular biology, this cannot be done at the expense of abandoning our grounding in the world of human mental suffering" (Kendler, 2005). Analisando a relação entre a psiquiatria e as neurociências, Serpa Jr. (2004) também rejeita o reducionismo eliminativista e mostra que é possível 'redescobrir' o cérebro sem eclipsar o sujeito.…”
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