Stress, Displacement Joints of Gmelina Arborea and Tectona Grandis Wood With Metal Plates, Screws and Nails for Use in Timber Truss Connections

Rivera-Tenorio, Monzerrath; Moya, Róger

doi:10.1590/01047760201925022641

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Tectona grandis is used in commercial reforestation in Latin America [29,30], while Gmelina arborea is widely used in Central America [31]. This specie, as G. arborea, are important in Costa Rica market, however their structural uses are limited [32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CLT Fabricated with Gmelina arborea and Tectona grandis Wood from Fast-Growth Forest Plantations: Physical and Mechanical Properties

Mu駉z¹,

Moya²,

Moya³

et al. 2022

Journal of Renewable Materials

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Fabrication and use of Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) using tropical woods is still limited at present. Therefore objective of the present study aims to determine the possibility of using CLT panels of 3 and 5 layers, fabricated with Tectona grandis and Gmelina arborea wood using adhesive of isocyanate polymer emulsion system catalyzed with polymeric isocyanate. Delamination, water absorption, density, flexure test, compression and glue-line shear were evaluated using ANSI/APA PRG320-2012 ASTM D198 and ASTM D4761 standard. The results showed that CLT panels of T. grandis presented higher values of density, less water absorption and lower delamination, with no evident differences between the CLT of 3 and 5 layers. The high density of T. grandis resulted in higher values of the mechanical properties. The flatwise and edgewise flexure tests in 5-layer CLT panels of both species presented higher values of bending stiffness compared to those of 3-layer CLT panels. Further the bending stress values in 3-layer CLT panels were higher than for 5-layer CLT panels. As for shear stress in bending flatwise, in both species, 3-layer CLT surpassed 5-layer CLT panels, but in the edgewise test no differences were observed. The MOE and Fc in the compression test were superior in relation to the edgewise test. MOE and Fc in compression flatwise in 3-layer CLT was greater than in 5-layer CLT in both species, but edgewise these values were higher in 5-layer CLT panels. The most common failures were stress and delamination in the flexure test, whereas in the compression test these were: shearing, splitting and crushing. In the glue-line shear test no differences were observed between CLT panels of 3 and 5 layers for both species.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CLT Fabricated with Gmelina arborea and Tectona grandis Wood from Fast-Growth Forest Plantations: Physical and Mechanical Properties

Mu駉z¹,

Moya²,

Moya³

et al. 2022

Journal of Renewable Materials

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“…Nevertheless, punched metal plate fasteners seem to serve this purpose most effectively. Metal plate fasteners punched into timber provide greater strength and durability of truss members, since the arrangement of spikes in the plates, their number and their quality after an appropriate assembly provide an adequate fastening area, while the spikes themselves are anchored in timber and exhibit pull-out resistance [ 3 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ]. A drawback of such a joint may result from the fact that truss cross-sections are increased so that a punched metal plate fastener with an adequate load-bearing capacity may be assembled (with an adequate cross-section area required).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Structure of Lattice Beams on Their Strength Properties

et al. 2021

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This paper presents the strength properties of wooden trusses. The proposed solutions may constitute an alternative to currently produced trusses, in cases when posts and cross braces are joined with flanges using punched metal plate fasteners. Glued carpentry joints, although requiring a more complicated manufacturing process, on the one hand promote a more rational utilisation of available structural timber resources, while on the other hand they restrict the use of metal fasteners. The results of the conducted analyses show that the proposed solutions at the current stage of research are characterised by an approx. 30% lower static bending strength compared to trusses manufactured using punched metal plate fasteners. However, these solutions make it possible to produce trusses with load-bearing capacities comparable to that of structural timber of grade C24 and stiffness slightly higher than that of lattice beams manufactured using punched metal plate fasteners. The strength of wooden trusses manufactured in the laboratory ranged from nearly 20 N/mm2 to over 32 N/mm2. Thus, satisfactory primary values for further work were obtained.

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“…Wooden structures in roofing systems are frequently investigated. There are countless variables studied: stability, buckling lengths, and bracing of flat trusses (Burdzik and Skorpen 2014;Sejkot et al 2019); structural behavior in the face of stresses arising from the wind action (Stevenson et al 2019;Navaratnam et al 2020); rigidity and behavior of connections in flat wooden trusses (Tenorio et al 2018;Rivera-Tenorio and Moya 2019); and structural and cost optimization in mechanical connections of flat wooden trusses (Olsson 2010;Villar et al 2016;Villar-Garcia et al 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of roof slope on timber consumption in plane trusses design

Fraga

Moraes

Menezes

et al. 2021

BioRes

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The growing world consumption of wood in civil construction is evident, especially in structural roofing systems. Despite being from a renewable source, its rational and intelligent use is of vital importance in the execution of structural designs. Because it is a system that is recognized worldwide in the design of trussing roof structures, there are several empirical assumptions for structural calculation. To reduce timber consumption, some tile manufacturers suggest a 10% (6°) slope between chords. However, after simulations of 11 slopes with angles from 5° to 15°, the timber consumption was inversely proportional to the slope, reaching a 90% difference between extreme angles. The method used to obtain the results was software designed according to the routines prescribed by the new draft standard of ABNT NBR 7190 (2021). Considering a prefabricated truss with 5 cm thickness sections, the design criterion was that of minimum height, increasing by 0.10 cm until all checks were satisfied. Finally, the minimum angle after which no strengthening is required on the bars was 10°.

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Stress, Displacement Joints of Gmelina Arborea and Tectona Grandis Wood With Metal Plates, Screws and Nails for Use in Timber Truss Connections

Cited by 4 publications

References 17 publications

CLT Fabricated with Gmelina arborea and Tectona grandis Wood from Fast-Growth Forest Plantations: Physical and Mechanical Properties

CLT Fabricated with Gmelina arborea and Tectona grandis Wood from Fast-Growth Forest Plantations: Physical and Mechanical Properties

Influence of the Structure of Lattice Beams on Their Strength Properties

Influence of roof slope on timber consumption in plane trusses design

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