ROOTING OF GUANANDI (Calophyllum brasilienseCAMBESS) CUTTINGS USING INDOLE-BUTYRIC ACID

Abstract

Commercial reforestation of Brazilian native species to produce hardwood for sawmills has been recently intensified in the country. Among the potential species planted by the logging industry is guanandi (Calophyllum brasiliense Cambess) because it is widely distributed in the country, highly adapted to different soil and climate conditions, good bole form and high quality timber. The development of genetic improvement programs should prioritize gains in productivity and yields in the medium and long term. For such programs to be successful, the study of vegetative propagation techniques to abbreviate steps in forest improvement and allow its mass production is fundamental. To assess the viability of vegetative propagation of the species, two successive experiments were carried out during two years testing the best type of cutting, hormone concentration and management. Different cuttings types submitted to increasing doses of indole-butyric acid (IBA) were tested to evaluate survival, sprouting, rooting and callus formation. Results indicate that the species is viable for vegetative propagation with 85 to 90% rooting of cuttings from seedlings in the IBA concentrations of 3000 to 7000 mg . L -1. For the cuttings, sprouting from the base of adult trees 3000 mg . L -1 was the best concentration of IBA. ENRAIZAMENTO DE ESTACAS DE GUANANDI (Calophyllum brasiliense CAMBESS) UTILIZANDO O ÁCIDO INDOL-BUTÍRICORESUMO: O reflorestamento comercial de espécies nativas brasileiras, visando à produção de madeira nobre para serraria, tem se intensificado nos últimos anos em diversas regiões do Brasil. Dentre as espécies nativas potenciais que veem sendo plantadas por empresas do setor florestal, o guanandi (Calophyllum brasiliense Cambess.) é destaque, uma espécie com ampla distribuição natural, alta adaptabilidade a diferentes condições de solo e clima, boa forma fuste e ótima qualidade madeira. O desenvolvimento de um bom programa de melhoramento genético requer prioridade para a obtenção de ganhos de produtividade e rendimento no médio e longo prazo. Nesta linha de pesquisa, o estudo das técnicas de propagação vegetativa, visando abreviar etapas no melhoramento florestal e viabilizar a produção maciça de material melhorado, tem importância fundamental no sucesso do programa de melhoramento. Com objetivo de avaliar a viabilidade da propagação vegetativa da espécie, foram realizados dois experimentos sucessivos, instalados e avaliados ao longo de dois anos, a fim de identificar os melhores tipos de estacas, doses de hormônio e manejo. Foram testados diferentes tipos de estacas, submetidas a doses crescentes de ácido indolbutírico (AIB), avaliados principalmente os dados de sobrevivência, emissão de brotos e formação de raiz. Os resultados indicaram que a espécie se mostrou viável a propagação vegetativa, obtendo índices de 85% a 90% de enraizamento de estacas provenientes de mudas, para as doses de ácido indolbutírico (AIB) nas concentrações entre 3.000 a 7.000 mg . L -1. Para as estacas de brotações da base de árvo...

Vegetative propagation and application of clonal forestry in Brazilian native tree species

“…Studies on the application of vegetative rescue techniques to native tree species have shown important aspects for the success of clonal forestry, highlighting the effects of ontogenetic age, which may vary according to the adopted technique (Xavier et al, 2013). In the case of vegetative propagation by cuttings, the use of crown shoots of an advanced ontogenetic age reduced the percentages of propagule rooting (Ciriello & Mori, 2015). However, satisfactory rooting indexes were obtained with the use of spontaneous or induced basal sprouts, resulting in a greater efficiency in the vegetative rescue of the species (Rickli et al, 2015).…”

Mini-cutting of Plathymenia reticulata benth. with ministumps conducted in suspended seedbed and tubes

“…and Toona ciliata seedlings (Bela Vista Florestal, 2020). However, the results of various studies indicate the technique is feasible for other species, including Cedrela fisillis , Ilex paraguariensis (Wendling et al, 2007), Erythrina falcata (Cunha et al, 2008), Calophyllum brasiliense (Kalil Filho et al, 2010;Silva et al, 2010;Santos, 2013;Ciriello and Mori, 2015), Cariniana legalis (Gatti et al, 2011), Anadenanthera colubrina (Dias et al, 2012), Handroanthus heptaphyllus Oliveira et al, 2016), Lecythis pisonis (Santana, 2017), Inga edulis (Berude et al, 2019), and Cabralea canjerana (Burin et al, 2018a and2018b).…”

Vegetative propagation of an ornamental conifer: some techniques in podocarpo cutting

“…Another way to enhance the formation of the root system is to use plant regulators to induce the rhizogenic process and increase the percentage of cuttings forming roots, the number and quality of roots formed, and the uniformity in rooting (CIRIELLO et al, 2015;HUNT et al, 2011). Although, indolebutyric acid (IBA) is the most widely applied substance for this purpose, there are still issues in making specific recommendations for using this plant regulator (SALVADOR et al, 2014).…”