Forage production and quality of tropical forage legumes submitted to shading

Abstract

Find shade-tolerant species is essential to the success of silvopastoral systems, increasingly frequent in recent years. In legumes, which have potential of biological nitrogen fixation, there is a great lack of knowledge when in shaded environments.The cultivation of four tropical forage (Neonotonia wightii, Pueraria phaseoloides, Macrotyloma axilare and Arachis pintoi) was evaluated when submitted to artificial shade levels (30, 50 and 70% shade) and in full sun during water and drought seasons. The design used was in randomized complete blocks in a sub-divided plot scheme with four replications. In the Water-season the Forage Peanuts had higher forage production in full sun (11 ton ha-1 DM), and under shade did not differ from Perennial Soybean, higher than the others in all levels of shade. In Drought-season the forage production was 61% lower than in Water-season. The highest crude protein levels were reported in Forage Peanuts, Tropical Kudzu and Perennial Soybean, 19.0; 18.3 and 18.2% respectively in the Water-season. Forage Peanuts is a good option for use in silvopastoral systems although there is a small reduction in forage production (average of 23.7%). In general, species of fabaceae showed a greater reduction in forage production in the period of water deficit; however, shading at levels of 30% to 50% contribute to mitigation of water shortage. Although, there is a small reduction in forage production, withexception of perennial soybeans in dry season, it is advisable to use tropical forage legumes in silvopastoral systems, since forage quality is not affected by shade.

Morphogenetic, physiological, and productive of forage peanut responses to shading

“…Greg. ), a stoloniferous legume, is notable for its adaptation to shaded environments with higherherbage yield and nutritive value than other warmseason forage legumes (Andrade et al, 2004;Lista et al, 2019). Generally, shaded forage legumes show decreased net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate (Baligar et al, 2010;Guenni et al, 2018).…”

“…In addition, except for the work by Gobbi et al (2009), studies on shaded forage peanut have been carried out using a pre-defined regrowth period, or targets for canopy height developed under full sunlight conditions (Andrade et al, 2004;Baligar et al, 2010;Freitas et al, 2016;Yemataw et al, 2018;Lista et al, 2019); these grazing management strategies may not be suitable for use under shade.…”

The role of soybean agroforestry in mitigating climate change in Indonesia

“…Other authors found that trees might induce soybean yield stability and promote N2 fixation under water stress. Soybean in Agroforestry system as a promising solution for climate change adaptation and fulfillment of human protein [8].…”

“…One of the problems with agroforestry systems is that the light under the trees is relatively low for crops. Food crops suitable for the environment below the optimum are C3 plants (e.g., rice and soybeans) [8]. In Indonesia, the main food crops are rice, corn, and soybeans.…”

Comparison of Changing Cultivation Pattern on Morphological and Biochemical Characteristics of Forage of Two Types of Crop Legumes in The Tropical Climate of Southern Kerman Province

“…Livestock production in tropical areas, especially when based on pasture use, will lead to an irreversible impact on the environment (Schultze-Kraft et al, 2018). A proper option to improve rangeland productivity, reduce production costs, and sustainability is to introduce legumes that aid in diversifying the forage system and reduce the risk of pests and diseases and rangeland destruction (Lista et al, 2019).…”