Chemical thinning of flowers and fruits of the peach cultivar Coral with hydrogen cyanamide

Abstract

Chemical treatment is a mean to accomplish fruit thinning; although its efficiency depends on the compound used, application time, and dosage. Effect of the chemical hydrogen cyanamide (CH2N2) on the thinning of flowers and fruits of the peach cultivar Coral was assessed in this study. Treatments consisted of five doses of CH2N2 (0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8%) spray application to the point of run-off, at two stages (50% and 100% flowering). The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with six replicates and one plant per plot. The following parameters were assessed: percentage of flowers thinned at 25 days after spraying, percentage of fruits thinned, fruiting index, production per plant, fruit mass, diameter and length, flesh firmness, soluble solids (SS) and titratable acidity (TA). Concentrations of 0.6 and 0.8% CH2N2application at 50% flowering resulted in thinning 84.4 and 84.7% of the flowers and 0.4% CH2N2 at 100% flowering thinned 87.3%, values close to index assessed in manual thinning (88.0%) experiments. The highest production per plant was recorded for treatments with CH2N2 application at 50% flowering, resulting from a high percentage of flowers opening after spraying the chemical thinner. As such, flowers opening late were not affected by the chemical, thereby ensuring a higher fruiting index. Peach yield with 50% CH2N2 was not significantly different from yield observed for manual treatment, and 0.6% spray was reported to be the optimal dosage. Treatment with 0.6% CH2N2 application at 50% flowering was not significantly qualitatively different from manual thinning. CH2N2 application is efficient for the thinning of ‘Coral’ peach flowers and fruits.

Ethephon no raleio químico de frutos de pessegueiro cultivar Chimarrita

“…According to Rodrigues et al (1999) and Greene and Costa (2013), the average fruit mass increases with the reduction of the fruit quantity in the plant, due to the greater availability of nutrients allocated to each organ of fruiting. For Anzanello and Tedesco (2017), with the reduction of the number of fruits, there is an improvement in the distribution of photoassimilates, resulting in fruits of larger size.…”

“…For Pavanello and Ayub (2013) post-flowering thinning is more recommended because there is knowledge of the fruit load, with definition of the effective fruiting of the plant. According to Anzanello and Tedesco (2017) the production of peach can be compromised by the accomplishment of chemical thinning in the flowering allied to subsequent climatic events that affect the fixation of the fruits.…”