Does the Presence of Sucrose in Pediatric Antibiotics Influence the Enamel Mineral Loss and the Streptococcus mutans Counts in Dental Biofilm?

Abstract

The role of antibiotics containing sucrose on the formation of dental caries is still controversial. This study aimed to investigate the effect of two antibiotics (amoxicillin and potassium clavulanate suspension), with and without sucrose, on human dental hardness and Streptococcus mutans counts in dental biofilm. Primary tooth fragments (n=72) were coated with nail varnish leaving a window of 2.25 mm diameter. Specimens were fixed in 24-well polystyrene plates, containing BHI medium. S. mutans (clinical strains) represented the inoculum to form biofilm on the fragments for 24 h. Twelve fragments were separated for the initial count of microorganisms (baseline). The other fragments were divided into 4 groups (n=12) of treatment: G1 (Clavulin(r)), G2 (Betamox(r)), G3 (chlorhexidine 0.12%), G4 (sucrose 10%). All specimens had their self-control area (covered area). The cross-sectional microhardness (CSMH) was evaluated for each specimen. All the treated groups had a loss of hardness compared to their self-controls (p<0.05). Both drugs inhibited the S. mutans growth and promoted no CSMH difference among them. Both antibiotics eliminated all formed biofilm and did not cause mineral loss from the enamel, regardless the presence of sucrose in its formulation.

A Precision Microbiome Approach Using Sucrose for Selective Augmentation of Staphylococcus epidermidis Fermentation against Propionibacterium acnes

“…Several sugars have been added into antibiotic formula as ingredients. For example, sucrose is often added into amoxicillin for formulation [37]. An adjuvant is a pharmacological or immunological agent that modifies the effect of a drug or vaccine.…”

PEG-8 Laurate Fermentation of Staphylococcus epidermidis Reduces the Required Dose of Clindamycin Against Cutibacterium acnes

“…However, the antibiotic single-agent therapy can result in the rapid development of clinically significant antibiotic resistance [28]. Several carbohydrates, for example sucrose, have been added into antibiotic (amoxicillin) formulae as ingredients [29]. An adjuvant is a pharmacological or immunological agent that modifies the effect of a drug or vaccine [29,30].…”

“…Several carbohydrates, for example sucrose, have been added into antibiotic (amoxicillin) formulae as ingredients [29]. An adjuvant is a pharmacological or immunological agent that modifies the effect of a drug or vaccine [29,30]. To evaluate the effect of PEG-8 Laurate fermentation on the efficacies of anti-C. acnes antibiotics, we injected the ears of ICR mice intradermally with C. acnes (10 7 CFU) with 0.1%, 1% clindamycin or H 2 O, along with media collected from the culture of S. epidermidis in the presence or absence of 2% PEG-8 Laurate.…”

Formulação à base de um extrato do chá verde desenvolvida para uso bucal: avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana e da alteração de cor dental

“…O meio de cultura consiste na associação de substâncias que forneçam nutrientes necessários ao desenvolvimento (cultivo) de microrganismos fora do seu meio natural. O meio de cultura utilizado no presente trabalho foi o caldo BHI (Brain Heart Infusion), que foi escolhido por permitir um crescimento adequado aos microrganismos cariogênicos avaliados (Khoo et al, 2005;Esteves et al, 2010;Lee, 2013;Sharma et al, 2014;Soares et al, 2015). O BHI é composto por nutrientes de cérebro e coração de gado, peptona e dextrose.…”

“…Existem relatos que, por ser testado em meio líquido, podem surgir problemas de contaminação (Palomino et al, 2002 Rossi et al 2005, Cousido et al, 2008Ferrazzano et al, 2011;Sánchez-Pérez et al, 2015). No entanto, esta análise também poderia ser realizada em amostras de biofilme dental (Guggenheim e Meier, 2011;Neturi et al, 2014;Soares et al, 2015). Ainda, a coleta de saliva pode ser realizada em amostras obtidas de forma estimulada, por parafina ou gomas de mascar, ou sem qualquer tipo de estimulação, como no presente estudo e estudos anteriores que comprovam ser este o tipo de saliva mais indicado para esta análise (De Rossi et al, 2005;Cousido et al, 2008;Tulsani et al, 2014).…”