Relações raciais no Brasil: colonialidade, dependência e diáspora

Abstract

Resumo: Este artigo discute as relações raciais no Brasil, numa perspectiva crítica ao conhecido equívoco teórico de que o racismo é meramente um subproduto das desigualdades de classe. Discute também a teoria marxista da dependência e a decolonialidade, de modo que o exercício de aproximação dessas teorias demonstrou que a TMD e a decolonialidade são ferramentas teóricas convergentes, dotadas de grande relevância para se compreender e intervir na realidade brasileira de desigualdade social e racial.

Pandelivery1: Reflections on black delivery app workers experiences during COVID‐19 in Brazil

“…This mechanism had effects because it allowed the dominant elites to prevent poor and ethnic groups from becoming aware of their own identity (Munanga, 1999). Therefore, linking these two ideologies, we had a scenario where the racial division of labor during slavery was reordered by the "democratic competition" of capitalist society (Almeida, 2019;Ortegal, 2018), resulting in the permanence of the racial division of labor in Brazilian society. In this case, it is essential to highlight that meritocratic discourse was eventually incorporated to justify the job allocation, disregarding such inequality between subjects, and creating a discourse that blacks who fight will achieve equal rights with whites (Almeida, 2019;Coelho Júnior, 2011).…”

“…Exploring the Brazilian context, we must highlight that Brazil's history is marked not only by a colonial exploratory invasion but also by peripheral capitalism (Ortegal, 2018). Through Portuguese colonization, Brazil was the country that imported most enslaved Africans—approximately 5.1 million (Araújo, 2016), and it was the last in the Western world to abolish slavery on May 13, 1888.…”

“…In this case, it is essential to highlight that meritocratic discourse was eventually incorporated to justify the job allocation, disregarding such inequality between subjects, and creating a discourse that blacks who fight will achieve equal rights with whites (Almeida, 2019; Coelho Júnior, 2011). Additionally, if racism normalizes the overexploitation of work, we must emphasize that this is more evident in the so‐called periphery of capitalism (Almeida, 2019; Ortegal, 2018; Quijano, 2000). The model of dependent capitalism emphasizes that the development of some countries depends on the underdevelopment of others, such as industrial concentration, the creation of monopolies, and a strong domain of financial capital, favoring an export economy, erected through white privilege (Moura, 1983).…”

Políticas públicas de acción afirmativa en la educación superior en Brasil

“…El sistema socioeconómico hizo posible que el racismo en Brasil tuviera varias características. De acuerdo con Ortegal (2018), podemos destacar que el racismo está más asociado con el color y el fenotipo de la piel que con el origen racial de un individuo. Esto se conoce como "prejuicio racial de marca".…”

Ensino De Relações Raciais Na Pós-Graduação Stricto Sensu Da Área Pública No Brasil

“…A primeira porque constrói a visão colonialista, cujas premissas pautam-se na perspectiva eurocêntrica que considera o homem branco português (ou europeu) como modelo, de modo que os "outros" povos (índios e negros, por exemplo) seriam os "diferentes", inferiores. Para Ortegal (2018) e Guimarães (2016), negros e indígenas foram classificados com base na visão do homem branco europeu de forma racializada como não humanos. A segunda porque, a partir da dimensão colonialista, portugueses se colocam como "raça" superior, escravizando negros trazidos para o Brasil.…”