ROOTING OF Araucaria angustifolia: TYPES OF CUTTINGS AND STOCK PLANTS SEX

Abstract

-Araucaria angustifolia is native to Brazil and has always raised economic interest for the qualities of its timber and as a supplier of pine nuts for human consumption. The scarce germination viability of the stored seeds and the possibility to produce rooted cuttings all year round make cuttings propagation a good alternative for the production of plants, giving also the possibility to obtain genetically superior clones. On this basis, we assessed the influence of stock plants sex and type of cuttings (apical and intermediate) on the percentage of survival, rooting and vigor of the cuttings, together with the efficiency of this technique in the production of rooted cuttings of this species. So, cuttings from orthotropic shoots, collected in a clonal garden composed by feminine and masculine plants, had their survival percentages assessed at 60, 90, 120 and 150 days after installation of the experiment (DAI). Rooting in full sunlight area after 180 days, together with vigor characteristics of roots and aerial portion at 120 and 180 DAI were also evaluated. At 180 DAI, apical female cuttings presented the greatest rooting percentage (53.7%), number of roots (1.2) and average length of roots at the bottom of the rooting tray (4.4 cm). On the other hand, the applied cuttings procedures showed to be adequate to increase the rooting percentages of the species, which, supported by the fact that this technique is important for the formation of rooted cuttings to be used in the mini-cuttings technique, indicates that it can be considered efficient.Keywords: Brazilian pine; Cloning; Cuttings production. ENRAIZAMENTO DE Araucaria angustifolia: TIPOS DE ESTACAS E SEXO DAS PLANTAS MATRIZESRESUMO -Araucaria angustifolia (araucária) é nativa do Brasil e sempre despertou interesse econômico por suas qualidades madeireiras e como fornecedora de pinhões para alimentação humana. A baixa viabilidade na germinação de suas sementes quando armazenadas e a possibilidade de produzir mudas durante o ano inteiro fazem com que a estaquia se apresente como alternativa para produção de mudas, gerando ainda a possibilidade de obtenção de clones geneticamente superiores. Com base nisso, avaliou-se a influência do sexo das matrizes e o tipo de estaca (apical e intermediária) na sobrevivência, enraizamento e vigor de suas estacas, bem como a eficiência desta técnica na produção de mudas da espécie. Para tanto, estacas de brotos ortotrópicos coletadas em jardim clonal de plantas masculinas e femininas foram avaliadas quanto à sobrevivência aos 60, 90, 120 e 150 dias após a estaquia (DAI) e o enraizamento a pleno sol aos 180 dias, bem como características de vigor radicial e aéreo aos 120 e 180 DAI. Aos 180 DAI, estacas femininas apicais apresentaram maior enraizamento (53,7%), número de raízes (1,2) e comprimento médio de raízes no fundo do tubete (4,4 cm). Por outro lado, os procedimentos de estaquia utilizados mostraram-se adequados para incrementar os percentuais de enraizamento da espécie, o que, aliado ao fato da técnica ser impor...

Vegetative propagation and application of clonal forestry in Brazilian native tree species

“…Currently, for Hevea spp., it has been shown that clones produced by cuttings have greater morphological quality, both for the root and shoot, than those obtained by grafting and also require a shorter production period (Monteiro et al, 2015). Among the few studies on the use of clonal hedges, stand out those with the species A. angustifolia (Wendling et al, 2016c), Cariniana estrellensis Kuntze (Hernandez et al, 2013), H. brasiliensis (Tinley & Garner, 1960), Piptadenia gonoacantha J.F.Macbr. (Hernández et al, 2012), Schizolobium amazonicum Huber ex Ducke (Dias et al, 2015a), and T. cacao (Faria & Sacramento, 2003) (Table 5).…”

Eugenia uniflora L. seedling production by cutting: substrate, sazonality, auxine and rejuvenation methods

“…Bitencourt et al (2009) comparing two types of cuttings (cuttings from annual sproutings and cuttings from re-sproutings) of the Yerba Mate, showed that the material reinvigorated by pruning presented higher percentages of rooting (65.5%) in relation to the one from annual sprouings (8.5%). Wendling et al (2016) worked with propagules originating from clonal minigardens of Araucaria angustifolia (Araucariaceae) and obtained 53.7% of rooting in minicuttings, higher values of rooting of cuttings originating from branch sproutings which do not surpass 28.0% of rooting observed by Wendling & Brondani (2015).…”

Araucaria angustifolia: ácido indol butírico e diferentes clones no enraizamento de estacas

“…Apesar das vantagens potenciais da técnica de estaquia, os resultados de enraizamento de estacas de araucária não têm apresentado a eficiência esperada, não ultrapassando os 30% (Wendling e Brondani 2015) e 53,7% (Wendling et al 2016), mesmo utilizando material mais juvenil. As coníferas, como a araucária, são definidas quase sempre como espécies de difícil enraizamento, principalmente quando os propágulos têm origem de plantas adultas (Ragonezi et al 2010).…”