Relationship between IC50determined in vitro/in vivoand the fungicide rate used in the Field

Reis, Erlei Melo; Zanatta, Mateus; Carmona, Marcelo; Menten, José Otávio Machado

doi:10.1590/0100-5405/1997

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The absence of a direct relationship between the laboratory and the field test suggests that the effect of fungicides on mycelial growth does not directly reflect in the mushroom yield. Considering regular crops, the fungicide yield concentration use do be pretty much higher than the IC50 determined by in vitro tests (Reis et al 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

First study of hormesis effect on mushroom cultivation

Zied

Dourado

Dias

et al. 2017

World J Microbiol Biotechnol

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The use of fungicides is common in mushroom cultivation, but no study was carried out applying reduced doses of fungicides in order to increase yield, taking account the hormesis effect. The aim of this manuscript was to verify the effects of different concentrations of fungicides to stimulate the productivity of different strains of Agaricus bisporus. Two stages were developed, an in vitro study to define the best concentration to be applied in the second experiment an agronomic study, which consisted of the application of the selected fungicides, in their respective concentrations, in an experiment carried out in the mushroom chamber. Clearly, the result of the hormesis effect on mushroom cultivation can be verified. The results obtained in the 1st stage of the study (in vitro) were not always reproduced in the 2nd stage of the study (in vivo). The kresoxim methyl active ingredient may be an important chemical agent, while strain ABI 15/01 may be an extremely important biological agent to increase yield in the study of hormesis effects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

First study of hormesis effect on mushroom cultivation

Zied

Dourado

Dias

et al. 2017

World J Microbiol Biotechnol

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“…Third, the results reported in this study were based on in vitro assays only, and further studies will be required to test their relevance to the natural plant habitat. In particular, a separate study is required to determine whether the dosages used here in vitro (5 mg/ml) are relevant in planta as they are relatively high compared to the average dosage used for commercial fungicides (Reis et al, 2015 ). According to previous research, in vitro dosage data has only limited value for predicting field dosages, which varies by fungicide (Reis et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, a separate study is required to determine whether the dosages used here in vitro (5 mg/ml) are relevant in planta as they are relatively high compared to the average dosage used for commercial fungicides (Reis et al, 2015 ). According to previous research, in vitro dosage data has only limited value for predicting field dosages, which varies by fungicide (Reis et al, 2015 ). This lack of in vitro vs. field dosage correlation might be due to variation between fungicides in their uptake, stability under field conditions or degree of degradation by the plant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An endophytic fungus isolated from finger millet (Eleusine coracana) produces anti-fungal natural products

et al. 2015

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Finger millet is an ancient African cereal crop, domesticated 7000 years ago in Ethiopia, reaching India at 3000 BC. Finger millet is reported to be resistant to various fungal pathogens including Fusarium sp. We hypothesized that finger millet may host beneficial endophytes (plant-colonizing microbes) that contribute to the antifungal activity. Here we report the first isolation of endophyte(s) from finger millet. Five distinct fungal species were isolated from roots and predicted taxonomically based on 18S rDNA sequencing. Extracts from three putative endophytes inhibited growth of F. graminearum and three other pathogenic Fusarium species. The most potent anti-Fusarium strain (WF4, predicted to be a Phoma sp.) was confirmed to behave as an endophyte using pathogenicity and confocal microscopy experiments. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the WF4 extract identified four anti-fungal compounds, viridicatol, tenuazonic acid, alternariol, and alternariol monomethyl ether. All the purified compounds caused dramatic breakage of F. graminearum hyphae in vitro. These compounds have not previously been reported to have anti-Fusarium activity. None of the compounds, except for tenuazonic acid, have previously been reported to be produced by Phoma. We conclude that the ancient, disease-tolerant crop, finger millet, is a novel source of endophytic anti-fungal natural products. This paper suggests the value of the crops grown by subsistence farmers as sources of endophytes and their natural products. Application of these natural chemicals to solve real world problems will require further validation.

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“…This is particularly true for any non-competitive inhibitors of the relevant sulphate transporters which, being non-competitive, may require lower doses to be effective than the competitive inhibitors used here. Finally, it is important to note that the in vitro conditions used for the present tests were valuable for demonstrating the synergy against different fungi and for elucidating mode-of-action, but effective concentrations are likely to vary considerably in different plant or animal tissues and other environments requiring fungal control 28 29 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel, Synergistic Antifungal Combinations that Target Translation Fidelity

Moreno-Martinez

Vallières

Holland

et al. 2015

Sci Rep

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There is an unmet need for new antifungal or fungicide treatments, as resistance to existing treatments grows. Combination treatments help to combat resistance. Here we develop a novel, effective target for combination antifungal therapy. Different aminoglycoside antibiotics combined with different sulphate-transport inhibitors produced strong, synergistic growth-inhibition of several fungi. Combinations decreased the respective MICs by ≥8-fold. Synergy was suppressed in yeast mutants resistant to effects of sulphate-mimetics (like chromate or molybdate) on sulphate transport. By different mechanisms, aminoglycosides and inhibition of sulphate transport cause errors in mRNA translation. The mistranslation rate was stimulated up to 10-fold when the agents were used in combination, consistent with this being the mode of synergistic action. A range of undesirable fungi were susceptible to synergistic inhibition by the combinations, including the human pathogens Candida albicans, C. glabrata and Cryptococcus neoformans, the food spoilage organism Zygosaccharomyces bailii and the phytopathogens Rhizoctonia solani and Zymoseptoria tritici. There was some specificity as certain fungi were unaffected. There was no synergy against bacterial or mammalian cells. The results indicate that translation fidelity is a promising new target for combinatorial treatment of undesirable fungi, the combinations requiring substantially decreased doses of active components compared to each agent alone.

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Relationship between IC50determined in vitro/in vivoand the fungicide rate used in the Field

Cited by 12 publications

References 3 publications

First study of hormesis effect on mushroom cultivation

First study of hormesis effect on mushroom cultivation

An endophytic fungus isolated from finger millet (Eleusine coracana) produces anti-fungal natural products

Novel, Synergistic Antifungal Combinations that Target Translation Fidelity

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