Rapid protocol to evaluate the photoprotective effect of film-forming formulations on mangoes

The increase in solar radiation and temperature as a result of climate change and variability has increased sunburn damage to fruits, which highly affects quality and yield in tropical and subtropical fruit plants. Solar injuries increase because of conditions with low relative humidity, fruits left uncovered by foliage, and plantations at higher altitudes as a result of increased UV radiation. Three different types of sunburn on fruits are distinguished: photooxidative sunburn, sunburn browning, and necrosis on the epidermis. Fruits employ self-protection mechanisms against this stress through the production of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. Fruit growers try to mitigate the impact of sunburning by planting species and varieties that are tolerant to this stress, pruning and training plants, leaving enough leaves above the fruit, efficient irrigation and intercropping for shading. More technical sunburn mitigation strategies include 1) improving the microclimate (shading nets, fruit bagging, evaporative cooling), 2) suppressors (kaolinite clay particle films, calcium carbonate) or 3) chemical protection (tocopherol, abscisic acid, ascorbic acid, anti-transpirants). This paper presents the state of research and its results for this abiotic stress in some tropical and subtropical fruit trees, such as avocado, banana, citrus, mango, pineapple and pitaya, along with observations for other fruit trees in tropical altitude zones. Continued research is recommended for this stress in different varieties with the use of environmentally friendly protective materials, along with studies on molecular mechanisms that direct the acclimatization of plants to a combination of these two types of stress, excessive radiation and temperature.

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Sunburn disorder in tropical and subtropical fruits. A review

Fischer

Ordúz-Rodríguez

Amarante

2022

Rev. Colomb. Cienc. Hortic

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Entire Whitening of Apple Trees to Increase Chill Units in Regions of Warm Temperatures during the Fall-Winter Seasons

Zermeño-González¹,

Gil-Marín²,

Ramírez-Rodríguez³

et al. 2022

AJPS

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Different studies have shown that global warming and climate change have increased the planet's temperature in different locations. For the apple-growing farmers, this may have a negative impact on the accumulations of chill units when the air temperature during the fall-winter season increases. When the entire trees are covered with a reflective material, the wood temperature may decrease. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of whitening (with calcium hydroxide) the entire apple trees (Malus domestica Borkh) after defoliation, on the branches and trunks' internal temperature (under the bark), the accumulation of chill units (CU), its effects on fruit yield and quality and the relation with the use of thidiazuron (TDZ) (inducer of budbreak). The study was conducted during the fall-winter seasons of 2019-2020 and 2020-2021. The results of this study showed that at the hours of the highest incidence of solar radiation, the internal temperature of the whitened trunks and leaves decreases up to 9˚C and 6˚C respectively. The accumulated CU during the time of the study, of the whitened branches were up to 81% higher than the ones recorded on the branches with no whitening; while the CU was lost at the hours of highest solar radiation (due to a high temperature) were up to 37.2% smaller. Entire tree whitening increased up to 26% of the yield per tree compared to the application of TDZ. No statistical difference in fruit quality was observed between whitened trees and those with no whitening but with the application of thidiazuron.

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Rapid protocol to evaluate the photoprotective effect of film-forming formulations on mangoes

Cited by 2 publications

References 13 publications

Sunburn disorder in tropical and subtropical fruits. A review

Sunburn disorder in tropical and subtropical fruits. A review

Entire Whitening of Apple Trees to Increase Chill Units in Regions of Warm Temperatures during the Fall-Winter Seasons

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