Chitosan and phenolic compounds in the control of anthracnose in mango

Abstract

Mango (Mangifera indica L.) has great socioeconomic importance to Brazil, but its production is affected by anthracnose. Chitosan films have shown potential in controlling this disease. In this study, the effect of the association of chitosan with phenolic compounds and extracts on the Colletotrichum tropicaledevelopment was evaluated. Phenolic compounds and extracts from mango peel were incorporated into 2.0% chitosan solutions and tested in vitro. In the in vivo experiment, after pathogen inoculation and application of treatments, fruits were evaluated for anthracnose incidence and severity. Controls consisted of the application of water or pure culture medium and fungicide imazalil. The experimental design was completely randomized and data were submitted to analysis of variance. In the in vitro test and in the assessment of disease intensity, means were compared using the Scott-Knott and Tukey tests (p <0.05), respectively. Controls were compared to the other treatments using the Dunnett test (p <0.05). Total growth inhibition, conidia production and C. tropicale germination were verified with the incorporation of citric, pyrocatecoic and transcinamic acids to chitosan, with no significant difference between them and the fungicide. Low anthracnose incidence and severity was observed in mangoes treated with chitosan combined with phenolic compounds.

Antifungal edible coatings for fruits based on zein and chitosan nanowhiskers

“…(2013) found mycelial growth inhibition values of 73.2%, 30.0%, 35.8%, 37.4%, and 24%, respectively, against C. asianum, Colletotrichum siamense, C. fructicola, C. tropicale, and C. karstii . The antifungal activity of chitosan in its integral form against Colletotrichum species in post‐harvest of common bean, banana, and pepper with inhibition growth of 70.0%, 53.3%, and 35.0%, respectively, were also verified (Silva et al., 2021).…”

“…karstii. The antifungal activity of chitosan in its integral form against Colletotrichum species in post-harvest of common bean, banana, and pepper with inhibition growth of 70.0%, 53.3%, and 35.0%, respectively, were also verified (Silva et al, 2021).…”

Physically Cross-Linked Biopolymer Systems Based on Chitosan and Hydroxycinnamic Acids and Their Food Preservation Application Studies

“…The joint effect of CH combined with some phenolic compounds (CiA and CaA) on the appearance of anthracnose, a disease caused by the fungi Colletotrichum tropicale , in mango has been evaluated . Two types of tests were carried out, on the one hand in vitro tests to analyze the simultaneous effect of HA and CH on the development and reproduction of C. tropicale , and in vivo tests consisting of evaluating the effect of the CH/HA coatings on fruits previously inoculated with C. tropicale .…”

“…101 A very enlightening result was reported when preventing anthracnose in mango fruits, where mango immersion in a CH/ CiA solution turned out to be a more effective method than the use of fungicide (imazalil) for controlling the damage caused by Colletotrichum tropicale. 87 Currently, different fungicides are used in the postharvest treatment of fruits that control a wide spectrum of harmful microorganisms. However, among the different problems associated with their uses, the persistence of toxic/harmful residues stands out, as well as the resistance developed by various pathogens to some of the chemical treatments utilized.…”

“…A very enlightening result was reported when preventing anthracnose in mango fruits, where mango immersion in a CH/CiA solution turned out to be a more effective method than the use of fungicide (imazalil) for controlling the damage caused by Colletotrichum tropicale …”