Diversidade genética, crescimento e produção de genótipos de bananeira 'Prata-Anã' em área com mal do panamá

Abstract

resumo -No perímetro irrigado do Jaíba, no norte de Minas Gerais, existem relatos sobre a presença de alguns genótipos de banana'Prata-Anã' supostamente tolerantes ao mal-do-panamá, nos quais a doença não se estabeleceu após 15 anos de cultivo, mesmo na presença do patógeno. Portanto, objetivou-se avaliar a diversidade genética, o desempenho agronômico e o comportamento dos clones da bananeira'PrataAnã' cultivada em área com histórico do mal-do-panamá. Foram coletados vinte e quatro genótipos, 11 caracterizados no momento da coleta como doentes (GEN 1, GEN 2, GEN 3, GEN 4, GEN 5, GEN 6, GEN 7, GEN 8, GEN 9, GEN 10 e GEN 11) e 13 aparentemente sadios (GEN 12, GEN 13, GEN 14, GEN 15, GEN 16, GEN 17, GEN 18, GEN 19, GEN 20, GEN 21, GEN 22, GEN 23 e GEN 24). Estes materiais foram multiplicados em laboratório de cultura de tecidos e levados para plantio na área experimental. Foram avaliados 24 tratamentos (clones de bananeira 'Prata-Anã'), no delineamento em blocos casualizados, com três repetições, 20 plantas por parcela e as seis centrais consideradas como área útil. Avaliaram-se, além da diversidade genética, comprimento e diâmetro do pseudocaule, número de folhas, massa do cacho, das pencas e do engaço, número de pencas e de frutos, comprimento e perímetro do fruto central da segunda penca, porcentagem de plantas mortas, incidência e severidade do mal-do-panamá. A distância genética média entre os clones foi de 43,5%, variando de 11,8% a 85%. Os indivíduos GEN 12, GEN 13, GEN 19 e GEN 22 apresentam maiores diâmetros do pseudocaule ao nível do solo e a 30 cm, e foram mais altos. Os indivíduos GEN 13, GEN 17 e GEN 19 destacaram-se, nos dois ciclos de produção, como tolerantes ao mal-do-panamá. termos para indexação: Musa spp.,caracteres agronômicos, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Cubense. Genetic diversitY, Growth and production of GenotYpesOF BANANA 'PRATA-ANÃ' IN AREA WITH PANAMA DISEASE aBstract -In the irrigated area of Jaíba in Northern Minas Gerais, there are reports on the presence of some genotypes of banana cv. Prata-Anã supposedly tolerant to the Panama disease, where the disease was not established after 15 years of cultivation even in the presence of the pathogen. Therefore this study aimed to evaluate the genetic diversity, agronomic performance and behavior of genotypes of banana 'Prata-Anã' cultivated in area with a history of Panama disease. Twenty-four families were collected, 11 classified in the moment of the collection as diseased (GEN 1, GEN 2, GEN 3, GEN 4, GEN 5, GEN 6, GEN 7, GEN 8, GEN 9, GEN 10 and GEN 11), and 13 apparently healthy (GEN 12, GEN 13, GEN 14, GEN 15, GEN 16, GEN 17, GEN 18, GEN 19, GEN 20, GEN 21, GEN 22, GEN 23 and GEN 24). This material were multiplied in tissue culture laboratory and taken to planting at the experimental area. Twenty-four treatments were evaluated (clones of banana 'Prata-Anã'), in a randomized block design with three replications, 20 plants per plot and the central six in useful area. In addition to the genetic diversity, length and diameter of pseudostem, ...

Experimental planning for the evaluation of phenotipic descriptors in banana

“…The variation coefficients values oscillated with the evaluated characteristic and with the production cycle (Figures 3 and 4), similarly to Ortiz (1995) and Lopes et al (2014) as expected, since the first cycle is less subject to environmental and management conditions compared to the following cycle.…”

“…In autogamous crops, and more markedly, in asexual propagation plants such as banana, genetic variability is minimal, although somaclonal variation at high level may occur (LOPES et al, 2014), probably due to mitotic instability and / or mutation (GUAPACHA et al, 2017), which are not exclusive to tissue culture, but also observed in the field, but at lower frequencies. In this work, index b is a consequence of soil anisotropy and other factors affecting the degree of experimental heterogeneity, such as errors from planting techniques, cultural practices, harvesting and measurements, as well as interferences and variations of climatic factors.…”

Diversity and genetic stability in banana genotypes in a breeding program using inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) markers

“…In each ISSR reaction, the total number of amplified fragments ranged from three (UBC-810 and UBC-864) to eight (UBC-817 and UBC-826), with a mean number of six bands per primer (Table 2 and Figure 1). Lower levels of polymorphism (33 and 34%) were found in banana Prata-Anã genotypes by Lopes et al (2014) and Rodrigues et al (2012), respectively, using RAPD molecular markers. In a study on Musa ssp cultivars, Ying et al (2011) identified a high percentage of polymorphism (85.1%) using ISSR markers.…”

Improvements in the Resistance of the Banana Species to Fusarium Wilt: A Systematic Review of Methods and Perspectives

“…Frequently FOC persists in cultivated areas for years due to it is survival phase when it then interacts as saprophytic in cultural remains or produces resting spores known as chlamydospores besides surviving and multiplying in alternative hosts [ 30 , 35 , 36 ]. The disease is characterized by yellowing of the young leaves, and pseudostem splitting, and eventually death of the plant [ 30 , 37 , 38 ].…”