Human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome epidemic in adolescents from a Brazilian metropolis (1978-2017)

Taquette, Stella Regina; Rodrigues, Nádia Cristina Pinheiro

doi:10.1590/0037-8682-0193-2019

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In period 1, around 40% of PLHIV were aged between 18 and 39 years, while in periods 2 and 3 the percentage doubled (around 75% and 80%, respectively). This change in the profile of new PLHIV is attracting attention in HIV/AIDS treatment adherence studies, especially in adolescents and young people in peripheral areas, due to the risks that these age groups are exposed to, such as social vulnerability, injectable drug sharing, and unprotected sex, among others (Dunn et al, 2018;Taquette and Rodrigues, 2019). In addition, this population exhibited a concerning Frontiers in Pharmacology frontiersin.org higher viral load at the end of the study period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Adherence to antiretroviral therapy and viral suppression: Analysis of three periods between 2011 and 2017 at an HIV-AIDS center, Brazil

2023

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The increased effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in the last 30 years is a scientific landmark, and viral suppression is directly associated with treatment adherence. The aim of this study was to compare the results of ART adherence and viral load suppression with the evolution of the protocols and other associated factors, in people living with HIV. A panel analysis of three descriptive longitudinal studies investigating ART adherence and viral load suppression was conducted in people with HIV treated at a drug dispensing unit in the Federal District. The studies were carried out during periods of 2011, 2013, and 2017, coinciding with the three different recommended treatment schemes for the country. Adherence was assessed using drug dispensing records. Viral load data were obtained from the Ministry of Healthʼs Laboratory Examination Information System. Analysis of the data of 522 individuals in the three periods showed sociodemographic differences such as a decline in the percentage of women (from 33% in period 1 to 4% in period 3) and an increase in the percentage of young people. ART adherence was higher in period 2 (tenofovir/lamivudine/efavirenz scheme). Viral load suppression was greater in period 3 (tenofovir/lamivudine/dolutegravir scheme). The relative detectable viral load risk was nearly two-fold higher (RR 1.83) in people living with HIV with less than 80% adherence when compared to those above 80%. With respect to the different schemes recommended in Brazil during the periods studied, ART containing dolutegravir was the most effective in achieving viral load suppression. By contrast, there was better ART adherence in the daily combined fixed dose consisting of tenofovir/lamivudine/efavirenz in tablet form. Adherence to ART above 80% seemed to be enough to promote an effective treatment in therapeutic schemes including efavirenz or dolutegravir.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Adherence to antiretroviral therapy and viral suppression: Analysis of three periods between 2011 and 2017 at an HIV-AIDS center, Brazil

2023

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“…Além disso, ressaltam-se as questões de sexualidade (transmissão homossexual) que são apontadas como preditores para indivíduos mais jovens, dado o desconhecimento de informações importantes sobre a doença, o que acarreta seu diagnóstico tardio 29 . Outro fator que pode explicar esse aumento refere-se à falta de acesso a métodos diagnósticos ou é um reflexo do controle inadequado da epidemia no Norte do país 30 . Por isso, urge a intensificação de ações de educação voltadas para essa população, especialmente para aqueles que apresentam maiores riscos, além da oferta indiscriminada e facilitada de métodos preventivos.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Distribuição espacial e tendência temporal da AIDS no Brasil e regiões entre 2005 e 2020

Batista

Oliveira

Pereira

et al. 2023

Rev. bras. epidemiol.

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RESUMO: Objetivo: Analisar a distribuição espacial e a tendência temporal da taxa de incidência de AIDS no Brasil no período de 2005 a 2020. Métodos: Estudo ecológico, temporal e espacial sobre os casos de AIDS no Brasil. Dados provenientes do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde foram estratificados por ano do diagnóstico, região do país/municípios de residência e faixa etária (acima de 13 anos). Foram calculadas as taxas de incidência (TI) para a estimativa temporal por meio do modelo de joinpoint, bem como as taxas bayesianas empíricas espaciais (TBEE) para a distribuição espacial pelo estimador de densidade de Kernel. Resultados: A TI no Brasil no ano de 2020 foi de 17,69 casos para cada 100 mil habitantes. A tendência geral (2005–2020) foi de diminuição no Brasil (variação percentual anual — VPA=-2,0%), Sudeste (VPA=-4,4%) e Sul (VPA=-3,0%). O Norte (VPA=2,3%) demonstrou aumento, enquanto o Sudeste e Centro-oeste foram estacionários (p>0,05). O Brasil, Sudeste, Sul e Centro-oeste apresentaram tendência de diminuição na maioria das faixas etárias. O Nordeste e Norte apresentaram aumento nas faixas etárias de 13 a 29 anos e 13 a 24 anos, respectivamente. O estimador de Kernel demonstrou conglomerados com TBEE acima de 30/10 mil habitantes nos estados de Paraíba, Sergipe, Alagoas, Pernambuco, São Paulo, Minas Gerais, Pará, Rio Grande do Sul e Santa Catarina. Conclusão: O Brasil e as Regiões Sudeste e Sul apresentaram diminuição da TI, enquanto o Norte aumentou e o Nordeste e Centro-oeste foram estacionários. As Regiões Sudeste, Sul e Nordeste apresentaram os maiores conglomerados das TBEE.

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“…Furthermore, researchers highlight sexuality issues (homosexual transmission) that are identified as predictors for younger individuals, considering the lack of knowledge of important information about the disease, which results in its late diagnosis 29 . Another factor that may explain this increase concerns the lack of access to diagnostic methods or is a reflection of the inadequate control of the epidemic in the North of the country 30 . Therefore, there is an urgent need to intensify education initiatives aimed at this population, especially those who present greater risks, in addition to the indiscriminate and facilitated provision of preventive methods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial distribution and temporal trends of AIDS in Brazil and regions between 2005 and 2020

Batista

Oliveira

Pereira

et al. 2023

Rev. bras. epidemiol.

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Objective: To analyze the spatial distribution and the temporal trend of the AIDS incidence rate in Brazil from 2005 to 2020. Methods: This is an ecological, temporal, and spatial study on AIDS cases in Brazil. Data from the Notifiable Diseases Information System were stratified by year of diagnosis, region of the country/municipalities of residence, and age group (over 13 years). Incidence rates were calculated for temporal estimation using the Joinpoint model, as well as Spatial Empirical Bayes (SEB) for spatial distribution, using the Kernel density estimator. Results: The incidence rate in Brazil, in 2020, was 17.69 cases per 100 thousand inhabitants. The general trend (2005–2020) was decrease in Brazil (Annual Percent Change – APC=-2.0%), in the Southeast (APC=-4.4%) and South (APC=-3.0%) regions. The North (APC=2.3%) showed an increase trend, whereas the Southeast and Midwest regions were stationary (p>0.05). Brazil, Southeast, South, and Midwest regions showed a decrease trend in most age groups. The Northeast and North regions showed an increase in the age groups of 13–29 years and 13–24 years, respectively. The Kernel estimator showed clusters with SEB above 30/10 thousand inhabitants in the states of Paraíba, Sergipe, Alagoas, Pernambuco, São Paulo, Minas Gerais, Pará, Rio Grande do Sul, and Santa Catarina. Conclusion: Brazil, the Southeast, and South regions showed a decrease in the incidence rate, whereas the North region increased and the Northeast and Midwest regions were stationary. The Southeast, South, and Northeast regions presented the largest clusters of SEB.

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Human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome epidemic in adolescents from a Brazilian metropolis (1978-2017)

Cited by 3 publications

References 11 publications

Adherence to antiretroviral therapy and viral suppression: Analysis of three periods between 2011 and 2017 at an HIV-AIDS center, Brazil

Adherence to antiretroviral therapy and viral suppression: Analysis of three periods between 2011 and 2017 at an HIV-AIDS center, Brazil

Distribuição espacial e tendência temporal da AIDS no Brasil e regiões entre 2005 e 2020

Spatial distribution and temporal trends of AIDS in Brazil and regions between 2005 and 2020

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