COVID-19 in Brazil: advantages of a socialized unified health system and preparation to contain cases

Croda, Júlio; Oliveira, Wanderson Kleber de; Frutuoso, Rodrigo Lins; Mandetta, Luiz Henrique; Baía-da-Silva, Djane Clarys; Brito-Sousa, José Diego; Monteiro, Wuelton Marcelo; Lacerda, Marcus Vinícius Guimarães

doi:10.1590/0037-8682-0167-2020

Cited by 208 publications

(220 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…The internal political con icts in Brazil and the spread of fake news still in uence the willingness of the public to adopt the promoted protective measures against COVID-19. The general population in Brazil remains clueless about the pandemic situation they are currently experiencing, and no speci c guidelines are given to them to stop further transmission of the virus [18][19][20]. Negative assumptions and fake news regarding the risks of wearing face masks were widely disseminated during the second period (April 25 to May 15) [21][22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Public Utilization of Face Masks in Brazil During COVID-19 Pandemic Outbreak: Temporal Trend Analysis

Pereira-Ávila

Botelho

Góes

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has recorded approximately 8.6 million confirmed cases and more than 450.000 deaths worldwide. As of today, Brazil remains the second most affected country, with more than 1 million confirmed cases and more than 50,000 related deaths. This study aimed to evaluate the temporal trend of the frequency of face mask use among Brazil’s general population.Method: A cross-sectional survey method was adopted in this study. Online survey regarding sociodemographic and protective personal measures against COVID-19 was used to collect data. Data were collected from April 17 to May 15, 2020. The frequency of face mask use was divided into five categories: “never,” “rarely,” “sometimes,” “frequently,” and “always.” Joinpoint regression model was employed to analyze the daily percentage change (DPC) of each category. Ethics aspects were considered.Results: A total of 14,756 volunteers comprised the study sample. The “frequently” and “always” categories represented 71% of the sample, with the former being superior to the latter (39.4% vs. 31.6%, respectively). Temporal trend analysis showed two trend periods for all categories. The “never,” “rarely,” and “sometimes” categories decreased in the first period and stabilized in the second period. Conversely, the “frequently” and “always” categories showed an upward trend. Like other categories, the “frequently” category had stabilized in the second period. However, the “always” category still showed an increasing trend in the second period. The association analysis results showed a decrease in the use of face masks in women, postgraduate people, those aged above 35 years, and those earning more than seven times the federal monthly income minimal wage. However, the use of masks increased among young people and those with elementary to graduate degrees. The “always” use of face masks increased in the south and decreased in the southeast of Brazil. Conclusion: The preponderance of the “frequently” category and the slow DPC in the second trend period of the “always” category suggest the necessity of further enforcement of the use of face masks in Brazil. The adaptation of this new habit among Brazilians is time demanding, and thus strategies must be implemented in a more natural way.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Public Utilization of Face Masks in Brazil During COVID-19 Pandemic Outbreak: Temporal Trend Analysis

Pereira-Ávila

Botelho

Góes

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…The volume of training has been reported in previous studies as a risk factor for athletic incontinence. Women who play high-impact sports or who have a higher volume of training should be aware of the symptoms associated with pelvic oor dysfunction [9,10]. The level of exercise can be calculated based on the time (in minutes) usually spent per week or the intensity (light, moderate, intense).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Ministry of Health counselled quarantine in March 2020 and ordered the closure of non-essential services, including CrossFit gyms [10]. Patients affected by the mild form of the disease were instructed to undergo social isolation and the most severe cases were referred to the health service [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Patients affected by the mild form of the disease were instructed to undergo social isolation and the most severe cases were referred to the health service [11,12]. However, staying physically active during the COVID-19 pandemic was a recommendation by the World Health Organization (WHO) to maintain immunity [9,10]. Thus, it is not known how sports people have adapted their training during quarantine and whether modifying their sport schedule could impact UI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of quarantine due to COVID-19 on female urinary incontinence during exercise in CrossFit practitioners: an observational study

Araújo

Brito

Ejnisman

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Introduction and hypothesis: Urinary incontinence (UI) during exercise (athletic incontinence) affects about 30% of CrossFit practitioners. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, CrossFit academies were closed, impacting on several dimensions of the health of these athletes. We aimed to evaluate the effect of quarantine due to COVID19 pandemic on the training volume and UI during exercises for female crossfitters. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed among 197 female CrossFit practitioners. An online questionnaire was emailed containing questions about frequency, duration and intensity of training and data related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Whether UI stopped among participants, they were asked about the possible reasons why this happened. A 5% significance level was stablished.Results: Mean age of the participants was 32 years old, with an average frequency of training of 50 minutes per day, four times/ week. Most participants lived in an apartment (65.5%) and with another person (40.1%). Main CrossFit training location during quarantine was inside home (55%). There was a decrease in training intensity in 64% of the respondents. Exercises with their own body weight, such as air squat (98.2%) followed by push up (92.2%) were the most performed. UI was reported by 32% of participants before the COVID-19 pandemic, and only 14% of them during the pandemic (OR = 0.32[0.19-0.53],p <0.01; univariate analysis). Practitioners reported that the reason possibly related to UI improvement was the reduction of training intensity and not performing double under exercise. Conclusion: Quarantine by COVID-19 reduced in 18% of UI during exercises by CrossFit practitioners.

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“…The primacy of the growth of cases over laboratory capacity is reinforced by the increase in hospital admissions and deaths (as reported in official data (https://covid.saude.gov.br/) and recent studies [7,8]). Health surveillance has been a strong pillar of response to previous public health emergencies in Brazil, including pandemic H1N1 influenza and Zika virus [9]. Challenges for COVID-19 response are not restricted to health surveillance [10], but strengthening an accurate knowledge of its behaviour can direct preventive strategies (including infection control).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing molecular diagnostic capacity and COVID-19 incidence in Brazil

et al. 2020

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Different countries have adopted strategies for the early detection of SARS-CoV-2 since the declaration of community transmission by the World Health Organization (WHO) and timely diagnosis has been considered one of the major obstacles for surveillance and healthcare. Here, we report the increase of the number of laboratories to COVID-19 diagnosis in Brazil. Our results demonstrate an increase and decentralisation of certified laboratories, which does not match the much higher increase in the number of COVID-19 cases. Also, it becomes clear that laboratories are irregularly distributed over the country, with a concentration in the most developed state, São Paulo.

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COVID-19 in Brazil: advantages of a socialized unified health system and preparation to contain cases

Cited by 208 publications

References 7 publications

Public Utilization of Face Masks in Brazil During COVID-19 Pandemic Outbreak: Temporal Trend Analysis

Public Utilization of Face Masks in Brazil During COVID-19 Pandemic Outbreak: Temporal Trend Analysis

Impact of quarantine due to COVID-19 on female urinary incontinence during exercise in CrossFit practitioners: an observational study

Increasing molecular diagnostic capacity and COVID-19 incidence in Brazil

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