Incomplete contracts for bus service during the COVID-19 pandemic

Abstract

Resumo A pandemia da COVID-19 impõe sérios desafios ao setor de transporte público por ônibus. A queda da demanda em razão do isolamento social, a intensificação dos procedimentos de higienização, a aquisição de equipamentos de proteção individual e as restrições de lotação dos veículos ameaçam a viabilidade econômico-financeira do transporte coletivo brasileiro. A pandemia da COVID-19 pode ser caracterizada como um evento de força maior, ensejando reequilíbrio econômico-financeiro dos contratos de concessão de transporte público por ônibus. Entretanto, esta solução precisa ser buscada conjuntamente, pelo poder público e pelas empresas de transporte urbano, para garantir os interesses e as necessidades de ambas as partes. Este artigo sugere ações estratégicas para que o transporte coletivo continue operando durante a pandemia e os acordos de reequilíbrio econômico-financeiro estejam alinhados com o interesse público. A superação das incertezas e consequências causadas pela pandemia exige a criação de relações de confiança e apoio mútuo entre inciativa privada (operadores) e governo.

Afraid to travel after COVID-19? Self-protection, coping and resilience against pandemic ‘travel fear’

“…El vehículo amenaza la viabilidad económica y financiera del sector de transporte brasileño. (Lima et al, 2020) El principal motivo de viaje antes del Covid-19 para la mayoría de los encuestados (58%) era el trabajo. Sin embargo, durante la COVID-19, esa cifra se redujo a sólo el 30%.…”

Service contracting as a policy response for public transport recovery during the Covid-19 Pandemic: A preliminary evaluation

“… Section 2.4 . Representative studies Hensher and Stanley (2010) Pedro and Macário (2016) Ida and Talit (2017) Plano et al (2020) Asimeng and Heinrichs (2021) Gómez-Lobo and Briones (2014) Kaenzig (2017) Sunio et al (2021) Ugay et al (2020) Lima et al (2020) Pontawe et al (2021) Positioning of the current study - - The present research …”

“…With very few exceptions, no extant literature has yet considered service contracting as a potential policy response to the Covid-19 crisis. One study does consider service contracting ( Lima et al, 2020 ), but in the context of renegotiating the terms of the contract due to the pandemic. In the Philippines, the pandemic has caused a severe impact on the operations of public transport.…”

The Role of Public Transport during the Second COVID-19 Wave in Italy

“…Thus, in the medium-short term, public transport has faced two major issues: on the one hand, high demand leads to safety problems due to the risk of infection; on the other, low demand makes the service financially unsustainable with, in the worst scenario, a risk of bankruptcy for transport operators [28]. Although some cost reductions may be achieved through operation adjustments (e.g., lowering the service frequency), most operating costs are not demand-dependent (e.g., [28,29]). With lower demand, such costs may not be offset by revenues, making the service no longer financially viable [29].…”

“…Although some cost reductions may be achieved through operation adjustments (e.g., lowering the service frequency), most operating costs are not demand-dependent (e.g., [28,29]). With lower demand, such costs may not be offset by revenues, making the service no longer financially viable [29].…”