Úlcera por pressão em pacientes críticos: incidência e fatores associados

Abstract

RESUMENObjetivo: identifi car la incidencia y describir los factores asociados con las úlceras de presión en pacientes críticamente enfermos. Métodos: es un estudio de cohorte prospectivo con 77 pacientes, uso clínico, metabólico y factores asociados a la evaluación de las úlceras de presión, la aplicación de las escalas de riesgo (Braden y Waterlow) y clasifi cación en categorías de las úlceras. Resultados: se encontró una incidencia del 22% (IC del 95%: 12.6-31.5), y el 17 con 32 úlceras por presión en la región sacra (47%) y Clase I (72%). Duración de la estancia superior a 10 días (71%), tipo de hospital quirúrgico (53%), insufi ciencia cardíaca congestiva (24%) y alto riesgo en la escala de Braden (59%). Conclusión: el estudio pone de manifi esto la alta incidencia de úlceras de presión, clínicas, metabólicas y factores asociados y el resultado de muerte, lo que requiere, por lo tanto, de medidas preventivas. Descriptores: Úlcera de Presión; Evaluación de Riesgos; Escalas; Cuidados de Enfermería; Incidencia. RESUMO Objetivo: identifi car a incidência e descrever os fatores associados à úlcera por pressão em pacientes críticos. Método: tratase de uma coorte prospectiva, com 77 pacientes, usando a avaliação clínica, metabólica e de fatores associados à úlcera por pressão, aplicando as escalas de risco (Braden e Waterlow) e classifi cando as úlceras em categorias. Resultados: constatou-se uma incidência de 22% (IC 95% 12,6 -31,5), sendo 17 com 32 úlceras por pressão em região sacral (47%) e na categoria I (72%). Tempo de internação maior que 10 dias (71%), tipo de internação cirúrgica (53%), insufi ciência cardíaca congestiva (24%) e alto risco na Escala de Braden (59%). Conclusão: ressalta-se a elevada incidência de úlcera por pressão, características clínicas, metabólicas e fatores associados, além do desfecho por óbito, necessitando, portanto, de medidas de prevenção. Descritores: Úlcera por Pressão; Medição de Risco; Escalas; Cuidados de Enfermagem; Incidência.ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the incidence and describe the associated factors for pressure ulcers in critically ill patients. Method: this was a prospective cohort study with 77 patients, using a clinical, metabolic assessment and the associated factors for pressure ulcer, applying the risk scales (Braden and Waterlow) and assigning ulcers to categories. Results: an incidence of 22% (95% CI 12.6 -31.5), with 17 patients with 32 pressure ulcers in the sacral region (47%), and of Class I (72%). The length of stay was greater than ten days (71%), most admissions were surgical (53%) or for congestive heart failure (24%), and were high risk on the Braden Scale (59%). Conclusion: the study highlights the high incidence of pressure ulcers, clinical and metabolic characteristics and associated factors, as well as the outcome of death, requiring, therefore, preventive measures. Descriptors: Pressure Ulcer; Risk Assessment; Scales; Nursing Care; Incidence. Pressure ulcers in critically ill patients: incidence and associated factors. When PU development wa...

Incidência de lesão por pressão em unidade de terapia intensiva para adultos

“…However, it should be noted that the study cited did not include ICU in its sample, so it may not be considered a reliable standard of comparison, but it certainly can be interpreted as a north for improvement. Regarding the location of injuries in the sample (Table 4), he highest concentration (76.5%) of PI in the sacral region is an aspect of wide agreement in the literature 8,[10][11][12][13] . In addition to the fact that the second largest portion of PI involvement occurred in the scapular region of the patients, it can be inferred that the skin care of the back, although not exclusive, should be a factor of attention to the health team and, mainly of nursing of the ICU researched.…”

“…Again, the fact that the hospitalization pro le of the sample investigated was not mainly of clinical order, that is, the common pro le of the elderly population in the hospital system. erefore, it is interpreted that the largest portion of the patients served in the service was not elderly, they were treated in the ICU due to trauma and external causes, which may have also re ected in the average length of stay in the ICU lower than other studies, in which the mean age of the patients was higher 10,13 .…”

“…Lesión por presión; Unidades de terapia intensiva; Seguridad del paciente; Cuidados de enfermería; Estomaterapia In spite of the evolution of the knowledge of risk factors and measures of PI prevention, its incidence -which is an indicator of quality assistance 9 , especially in ICU, has been a persistent problem, and it is still necessary to be used as a research object [10][11][12] . is is because the incidence of PI is based on the measurement of new cases of the adverse event, that is, it is an epidemiological measure that may favor the (re)planning of care actions with a focus on the rational prevention of new injuries, according to a scienti cally situational diagnosis supported 9 .…”

Impact of Educational Video Film for Nurses Caring Elders Suffering From Pressure Ulcer about Applying Cutimed Sorbact Dressing On Wound Healing

“…In hospitals, patients with pressure ulcers had a mean age of 65.3 years. Similarly to the study in brazil by Borghardt et al (2016) (40) who found that the incidence of pressure ulcers among critically ill patients in this study was 22%, with length of stay, type of hospitalization, The age variable was not statistically significant in this investigation; however, a median of advanced age (60 years) was observed, especially in the group of patients with PU, in patients older than 60 years, according to Sayar et al (2009) (41) and Cox (2011) (42) .…”

APACHE II Death Risk and Length of Stay in the ICU Are Associated With Pressure Injury in Critically Ill Patients

“…Patients without PI had a median Braden risk score of 14 (variation from 8 to 20); 68% of these patients had moderate risk of developing PI (P = 0.003) [23]. …”