Infection factors related to nursing procedures in Intensive Care Units: a scoping review

Abstract

Objectives: to identify and map the invasive procedures performed by nursing that can cause Healthcare-Associated Infections in patients in Intensive Care Units. Methods: this is a scoping review carried out in the first half of 2018, based on search for studies in national and international databases, in which 2,209 studies were found, of which 35 constituted the final sample. The data were analyzed and organized by simple descriptive statistics. Results: among the invasive procedures performed by nursing that provide Healthcare-Associated Infections, delayed bladder catheter was indicated in 34 (66.67%) studies, the nasogastric catheter in 10 (19.61%) and the nasoenteral catheter in two (03.92%). Conclusions: in the face of such problems, better nursing planning and guidance for care in these invasive techniques becomes relevant and thus minimizes the incidence of infections.

Análise dos Indicadores de Qualidade em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Adulto: Um Estudo Descritivo

“…In this study, it was observed that the three most commonly used devices were IUC, PVC, and NGT/NET. The predominance of these three devices was also evidenced in other studies (15)(16)(17) .…”

“…The frequent use of IUC in the ICU is due to its importance in obtaining parameters to evaluate hemodynamic balance, especially for assessing diuresis control and urinary retention, as well as for diagnostic exams, surgical interventions, and postoperative care (16) . However, it should be emphasized that the duration of IUC use is associated with the development of CAUTI, and therefore, preventive actions should be incorporated into the work process of the healthcare team (16) .…”

“…The frequent use of IUC in the ICU is due to its importance in obtaining parameters to evaluate hemodynamic balance, especially for assessing diuresis control and urinary retention, as well as for diagnostic exams, surgical interventions, and postoperative care (16) . However, it should be emphasized that the duration of IUC use is associated with the development of CAUTI, and therefore, preventive actions should be incorporated into the work process of the healthcare team (16) . The high rate of PVC utilization, on the other hand, can be explained by its role as a rapid access route to the bloodstream, enabling the effective delivery of drugs and administration of blood products, as well as facilitating the collection of materials for laboratory tests.…”

“…Regarding devices responsible for enteral nutrition, it is essential to highlight that their use is indicated for patients unable to orally ingest fluids and food, allowing the infusion of diets and medications into the gastrointestinal tract or directly into the initial portion of the small intestine (17) . However, like all invasive devices, NGT/NET can also cause infections by acquiring pathogens through the gastrointestinal tract, creating an appropriate environment for multidrug-resistant bacteria (16) . Furthermore, proper positioning of these devices is emphasized to prevent fluid administration into the respiratory tract (17) .…”