Coronavirus pandemic in light of nursing theories

Abstract

Objective: to reflect on the interface between the Coronavirus pandemic and nursing theories. Method: theoretical-reflective assay, anchored in the theoretical constructs of Dorothea Orem, Florence Nightingale and Callista Roy. Results: in the interface with Orem, the professional, based on the nursing systems, offers health education for the virus prevention, the conduct of home isolation and in high complexity assistance when there is worsening of COVID19; with Nightingale, it is revealed the importance of environmental sanitation, ventilation, personal and domestic cleaning and the surrounding areas; with Roy, focal stimuli are perceived such as the symptoms of COVID19, contextual stimuli related to comorbidities, and residual stimuli, concerning to work stress due to high viral transmission and lack of protective equipment. Final Considerations: nurses can use the theoretical framework of nursing theories as tools to guide their care in this pandemic situation.

Teleconsulta como prática avançada de enfermagem na pandemia de COVID-19 à luz de Roy e Chick-Meleis

“…Na perspectiva do modelo de adaptação de Roy, os estímulos presentes na pandemia que direcionam o cuidado da enfermagem se concentram na manifestação de sintomas de infecção (estímulo focal), na presença de doenças pré-existentes/comorbidades (estímulo contextual) e nos fatores externos e internos, caracterizados por estresse devido ao risco de transmissibilidade ou relacionado ao trabalho, e à escassez de equipamentos de proteção individual (estímulo residual). Alguns processos de enfrentamento estão presentes, e as tecnologias da informação e comunicação têm papel fundamental para atenuar o distanciamento social e suas repercussões (19) .…”

“…Em dezembro de 2019, foi identificado em Wuhan, China, o novo coronavírus SARS-CoV-2, cuja alta capacidade de disseminação foi responsável pela declaração do estado de pandemia pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), em 11 de março de 2020 (1) . A Coronavirus Disease 2019 (covid- 19), causada pelo SARS-CoV-2, apresenta variações que vão de sintomas gripais leves e moderados até o desencadeamento de síndrome respiratória aguda grave de alta letalidade. Cerca de 530 milhões de casos e mais de 6,2 milhões de mortes foram registrados mundialmente, até maio de 2022.…”

Teleconsultation as an advanced practice nursing during the COVID-19 pandemic based on Roy and Chick-Meleis

“…Based on Roy's Adaptation Model, the stimuli that guide nursing care during the pandemic focus on the development of symptoms of infection (focal stimulus), the presence of pre-existing diseases/comorbidities (contextual stimulus), and external and internal factors, characterized by stress due to the risk of transmission or related to work, and the scarcity of personal protective equipment (residual stimulus). Some dealing processes are present, and ICTs can relieve social distancing and its repercussions (19) .…”

“…Its rapid spread was responsible for the declaration of the pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020 (1) . The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID- 19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, presents variations ranging from mild and moderate flu-like symptoms to severe acute respiratory syndrome of high lethality. About 530 million cases and more than 6.2 million deaths were recorded worldwide as of May 2022.…”

Sustainable framework for hospital response during health emergencies

“…The study was anchored on the Theory of Attribution by Heider (1958) and the Evidence-based Management Theory of Barends, Rousseau, & Briener (2014), with the nursing theories of Nightingale, Roy, and Orem as cited by Almeida (2020) interspersed as the exploration progressed. As applied to health care management, the Attribution Theory investigates the merits, drawbacks, and failures of a health care system or program.…”