Intervenção educacional de enfermagem para redução da hiperfosfatemia em pacientes em hemodiálise

Abstract

Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of an educational nursing intervention to reduce hyperphosphataemia in chronic renal patients on hemodialysis. Method: quasi-experimental study with 63 hyperphosphatemic patients on hemodialysis. The intervention consisted of developing and providing a printed and illustrated manual to patients containing information on disease control. The participant was asked to complete a daily checklist with the aim to reinforce aspects provided in the manual. Laboratory tests and itching intensity were analyzed at the beginning of the study, and at 30 and 60 days after the educational intervention. Results: the mean age of participants was 58±13.1 years, with a treatment time of 51.1±44.7 months. A reduction in serum phosphorus values of 7.06 ± 1.43 to 5.80 ± 1.53 (p <0.001) and the intensity of itching after the intervention was observed. Conclusion: the educational nursing intervention was effective in reducing phosphate and decreasing itching in hyperphosphatemic patients. Descriptors: Renal Dialysis; Hyperphosphataemia; Nursing; Hemodialysis; Renal Insuffi ciency, Chronic. RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar a efetividade de uma intervenção educacional de enfermagem para redução da hiperfosfatemia em pacientes renais crônicos em hemodiálise. Método: estudo quase experimental realizado com 63 pacientes hiperfosfatêmicos em hemodiálise. A intervenção se constituiu em orientar e disponibilizar um manual impresso e ilustrado aos pacientes, contendo informações sobre o controle da doença. Foi solicitado o preenchimento de um checklist diário, com fi nalidade recordatória dos aspectos abordados no manual. Os exames laboratoriais e a intensidade do prurido foram analisados no início do estudo, aos 30 e 60 dias após a intervenção educacional. Resultados: a média de idade dos participantes foi 58±13,1 anos e tempo de tratamento de 51,1±44,7 meses. Houve redução dos valores séricos do fósforo de 7,06±1,43 para 5,80±1,53 (p<0,001) e da intensidade do prurido após a intervenção. Conclusão: a Intervenção Educacional de Enfermagem foi efetiva para redução do fosfato e diminuição do prurido nos pacientes hiperfosfatêmicos.

Effect of Educational Intervention on the Quality of Life of Hyperphosphathemic Chronic Renal Patients on Hemodialysis

“…Data is part of a doctoral thesis, part of which was previously published in an article entitled "Nursing educational intervention to reduce hyperphosphatemia in hemodialysis patients". 16 The research took place in a renal unit of a philanthropic hospital in the inland of Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil). In the place patients from all over the Northwest region of the state are treated, most of them affiliated to the Unified Health System.…”

The Effect of Nutrition Education Program on Biochemical Parameters Among Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease Undergoing Hemodialysis

“…Among several studies, the findings of one study indicated that the implementation of education program on patients under hemodialysis did not influence calcium, sodium, creatinine, and albumen, but it significantly decreased urea, uric acid, phosphor, and potassium (27). In addition, the results of a quasi-experimental study conducted on 63 hemodialysis patients showed that nursing educational interventions led to a significant reduction in the levels of phosphate, creatinine, and calcium (2). The reason for these differences can be due to difference in economic, educational, custom, and nutrition status in various societies.…”

“…CKD affects 5% to 10% of the world population and is considered a major public health concern worldwide (1)(2)(3). In other words, 50 million people in the world suffer from this disease and this rate is increasing (1,4).…”

“…The role of nursing education in empowering patients to increase knowledge and improve adherence to treatment has been confirmed (2). Moreover, education is an efficient method and is among independent and expected roles from nurses and they help the patients as regards to their self-care.…”

Quality of life of patients bearing chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis / Qualidade de vida de pessoas com doença renal crônica em hemodiálise

“…Its main causes are the deficiency of the production of the hormone erythropoietin by renal peritubular fibroblasts and iron deficiency. 21 The renal system is responsible for filtrating metabolic products and excretes excess liquids, maintaining homeostasis; the levels of chemical elements, such as potassium, sodium, phosphorus, and calcium; and maintains the endocrine and regulatory functions. Hyperphosphatemia, another complication cited by the participants, is an excess of non-excreted phosphorus in the human body, which can cause hormonal, bone, cardiac and intestinal disorders.…”