Exogenous enzyme complex prevents intestinal soybean meal-induced enteritis in Mugil liza (Valenciennes, 1836) juvenile.

Abstract

Four soybean meal-based diets containing increasing levels of an enzyme complex (E50, E100, E150 and E200 at 50, 100, 150 and 200 g ton -1 , respectively) and one soybean meal-based diet without the enzyme complex (E0) were fed in triplicate to M. liza juveniles in a semi-static flow system with 20 fish per tank for 75 days. There were no differences between the treatments for animal performance parameters, but fish fed the enzyme complex treatment exhibited significantly (P<0.05) higher values of calcium bone retention compared with control fish. Although there was no relationship between bacterial counts in different sections of the gastrointestinal tract or enzyme levels, filamentous bacteria were increased in E50 compared with E150. All of the treatments resulted in higher bacterial counts in the stomach than in intestinal segments. Histological screening showed serious to moderate infiltration of inflammatory cells, modification in villus morphology and necrosis in some cases in fish fed the E0 diet. In addition, fish from the E0 treatment exhibited significantly (P<0.05) lower lipid deposition in the peritoneal cavity. Therefore, the use of low levels of exogenous enzyme is recommended in diets for M. liza when soybean meal is used as the main source of protein.

Substituting fishmeal with extruded soybean meal in diets did not affect the growth performance, hepatic enzyme activities, but hypoxia tolerance of Dolly Varden (Salvelinus malma) juveniles

“…Several effective methods were conducted to overcome the antinutritional effect of SBM in aquaculture, including deceasing its content in diets (Bonvini et al, ), or supplementation with methionine and phosphate (Kokou et al, ), phosphorus and magnesium (Imanpoor & Bagheri, ), glutamine and arginine (Gu et al, ), lysine and methionine (Jiang et al, ), hydrolysed feather meal (Zhang et al, ), exogenous enzyme complex (Ramos et al, ), mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) (Torrecillas et al, ) or lactoferrin (Ulloa et al, ) in diets with SBM. Scientists were also looking for other plant protein sources, such as cottonseed meal (CSM) (Lee, Dabrowski, Blom, Bai, & Stromberg, ), chickpeas meal (CPM) (Christodoulou et al, ), extruded canola seed‐pea (ECSP) (Bandegan et al, ), rubber seed meal (RSM) (Deng, Mai, Chen, Mi, & Zhang, ) or fermented Jatropha kernel meal (FJKM) (Phulia et al, ) to partially or totally replace SBM in aquafeeds.…”

Effects of Phytase and Microalgae Supplementation on the Utilization of Aquafeeds for European Seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Formulated with a High Inclusion Level of Plant Protein

“…Moita et al [72] reported that phytase supplementation increased VH in birds, and this parameter has been correlated with greater nutrient absorption and utilization owing to the fact that longer villi may be an indicator of increased absorptive capacity and the existence of mature enterocytes [73,74]. In the same sense, Ramos et al [75] described that exogenous phytase supplementation (up to 1,696 FTU/kg) even at a low level (814 FTU/kg) reduced the intestinal damage caused by a soybean meal-based diet in Mugil liza juveniles. However, Ranjan et al [76] found no changes in the intestinal structure in Labeo rohita fed diets supplemented with 500 FTU/kg.…”

Effects of Some Dietary Additives on Growth Performance and Feed Efficiency of Young Common Carp Cyprinus carpio

“…This may be due to the direct effect of the added enzymes or to the indirect effect by stimulating the secretion of self-enzymes in fishes or by increasing the number of beneficial bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract (Ng & Chen, 2002;Lin et al, 2007). Ramos et al (2017) found that adding enzymes break down polysaccharides, such as hemicellulase, pectin and phytates in soybeans, caused increased food viscosity and slow gastric emptying. Castillo & Gatlin III (2015) also noted an improvement in secretion and increased activity of trypsin, chymotrypsin, lipase and amylase enzymes, as well as an increase in the number of Lactobacillus bacteria.…”