Decreased inflammatory response in rat bladder after intravesical administration of capsaicin-loaded liposomes

Abstract

The objective of this work was to study the reduction in the capsaicin toxicity by encapsulation in liposomes. Capsaicin was extracted from peppers and characterized with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). We determined the zeta potential, polydispersivity index (PdI) and vesicle size of liposomes. Wistar rats were submitted to intravesical instillation of liposomes (LIP), capsaicin (CAP) or liposomes with capsaicin (CAPLIP). After 24 hours, bladders were removed for histological analysis. Vesicle size ranged from 68 to 105 nm with PdI smaller than 0.2 and zeta potential around -30 mV. The vesicles maintained stability over the 14-day study. The histological analysis of the CAP group showed intense inflammation in almost all bladder layers, as well as ulcer formation. Conversely, the CAPLIP group showed a smooth inflammatory reaction and hyperemia. In conclusion, the liposomes effectively protected the bladder against the irritative action of capsaicin.

Protective Role of Nutritional Plants Containing Flavonoids in Hair Follicle Disruption: A Review

“…In addition to their sensory features, such as pungency, aroma, and color, peppers are important sources of bioactive compounds, such as vitamins (C and E, provitamin A) and phenols compounds. The content of these phytochemicals changes with the metabolic and chemical processes; therefore, sampling and storage conditions (i.e., T • C <7.5 • C, oxygen depletion, absence of light, or ∼70% relative humidity) may be controlled in order to produce a high-quality plant material for its characterization and further use [101]. The amount of bioactive compounds is associated with the fruit part (placenta, pericarp, and seeds), the cultivar or variety, the ripening stage, the climatic and storage conditions, as well as the processing practices [102].…”

Liposome encapsulation attenuated venenum bufonis induced vascular irritation in rabbit ear vein via regulating TLR/MAPK/NF-κB pathway

“…Conversely, the CAPLIP group showed a smooth inammatory reaction and hyperemia; liposome encapsulation alleviated the toxicity of capsaicin and effectively protected the bladder against the irritative action of the drug. 12 Similar vascular irritation symptoms were also found in Chinese medicine injections containing VB such as DLS, 22,23 and the incidence of the vascular irritation of DLS limits its treatment effect and continuation therapy. The pathogenesis of VB-induced vascular irritation is not fully understood, and thus a systematic study to reveal related mechanisms is of great practical signicance.…”

“…9 Liposomes improve medical therapies in a range of applications by stabilizing bioactive compounds, overcoming obstructions to cellular and tissue uptake, or improving biodistribution of substances to target sites in vivo. 10,11 Due to its encapsulation capability, liposome shows good potential in decreasing vascular irritation of anticancer drugs [12][13][14] in particular.…”

Emerging Technologies to Improve Capsaicin Delivery and its Therapeutic Efficacy

“…Oral administration of Capsaicin Liposomes of mean size 52.2 ± 1.3 nm, had resulted in the encapsulation of Capsaicin with encapsulation efficiency 81.9 ± 2.43%, resulting in a 3.34-fold increase in bioavailability, as well the formulation reduces inflammation in gastric mucosa model [27]. Cather administration of phosphatidylcholine (PC) liposomes of the mean size smaller than 100 nm, were proven to benefit bladder irritation [28]. Oral administration of microemulsion consisting of Cremophor EL, ethanol, medium-chain triglycerides (oil phase) and water (external phase) of mean size 53.5 ± 1.6 nm with encapsulation efficiency 85.3 ± 1.1%, had resulted in the 2.64-fold increase in bioavailability, safe and effective [29].…”