Allelopathy of extracts of Cyperus rotundus and Oxalis latifolia on snapdragon seeds germination

Abstract

Snapdragon (Anthirrhinum majus L.) is an ornamental plant propagated by seeds and usually cultivated in beds. In production fields occur many weeds, such as Cyperus rotundus and Oxalis latifolia, which can decrease flower production by competition or releasing allelopathic components. However, there is few knowledge about the effect of these allelopathic components on snapdragon seed germination. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the allelopathic potential of aqueous extracts of C. rotundus and O. latifolia on the germination of snapdragon. For this, 10 g of material vegetal from whole plants of C. rotundus or O. latifolia were ground in 100 mL of water (10% w v-1). The dilutions of aqueous extracts in 75%, 50%, 25% and 0 were prepared using distilled water. The seeds were kept in paper moistened with extracts, in box gerbox-type, and conditioned in a germination chamber for 11 days. After 11 days the percentage of germination, vigor, germination speed index (GSI), percentage of abnormal seedlings and dead seeds, root length and shoot seedlings were evaluated. Extracts of C. rotundus and O. latifolia reduced the percentage of seed germination by up to 17.6% and 43.7%, respectively. The vigor was reduced from 55.0% to 28.5% and IVG reduced from 27 to 12 in extracts of O. latifolia. The maximum of 49.5% and 35.5% of dead seeds was obtained in extracts of O. latifolia and C. rotundusrespectively. The highest concentrations of extracts of both species altered the morphology of snapdragons seedlings reducing the length of radicle and shoot.

Soil management in integrated rose production system

“…This could be due to the possible competition between rose bushes and calopo. In addition, Calopogonium mucunoides may have an allelopathic effect on rose development as observed in spontaneous plants in flower bed of other flowers species (Pego and Fialho, 2018). Table 1.…”

Phytochemical Profile and Evaluation of the Allopathic Effect of Three Species of the Genus Cyperus (Cyperaceae)

“…Some species of this genus are likely to have deleterious effects on the development of other plants that grow in nearby regions. The main example is Cyperus rotundus L., widely known for producing chemical constituents that confer a strong allelopathic effect, preventing seed germination and growth of other plant species (Ameena et al, 2015;Darmanti et al, 2015;Pego and Fialho et al, 2018).…”

Effect of plant origin and phenological stage on the allelopathic activity of the invasive species Oxalis pes‐caprae

“…For example, extracts, leachates, or exudates from O. articulata Savigny , O. bowiei W.T.Aiton ex G.Don, O. deppei Lodd. ex Sweet, O. hirta L., O. rubra A.St.‐Hil., O. brasiliensis L., O. latifolia Kunth, and O. corniculata L. have the potential to inhibit the growth of different plant species in laboratory tests (Shiraishi et al, 2002, 2005; Umer et al, 2010; Pego and Fialho, 2018). In the case of Oxalis pes‐caprae , aerial tissue extracts and root exudates showed potential allelopathic activity against several plants in bioassays (Travlos et al, 2008).…”

“…Therefore, other mechanisms must be contributing to its spread. There is some evidence for phytotoxicity or potential allelopathy in the Oxalis genus to control weeds (Shiraishi et al, 2005 (Shiraishi et al, 2002(Shiraishi et al, , 2005Umer et al, 2010;Pego and Fialho, 2018). In the case of Oxalis pes-caprae, aerial tissue extracts and root exudates showed potential allelopathic activity against several plants in bioassays (Travlos et al, 2008).…”