Association between the dispositional optimism and depression in young people: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Uribe, Fabio Alexis Rincón; Oliveira, Silvia Botelho de; Gouvêia, Amauri; Pedroso, Janari da Silva

doi:10.1186/s41155-021-00202-y

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…Such factors can contribute to a lower mental health [ 19 ]. Another way to explain our current results is that fear of war contributes to pessimism (negative outlook for the future) which in turn can affect mental health [ 21 ]. Overall, our present study extends our knowledge mainly based on a few studies from the 1980s and 1990s [ 4 – 6 ] (which were based on specific samples) by showing a present association between fear of war and lower mental health.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fear of war and mental health in Germany

Hajek

Kretzler

König

2022

Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol

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Purpose The objective of this study was to clarify the association between fear of war (both conventional war and nuclear war) and mental health (in terms of probable depression and probable anxiety). Methods Data were used from the general adult population in Germany (n = 3091 individuals; 15th March–21st March 2022). Probable depression and probable anxiety were both quantified using validated tools (PHQ-9/GAD-7). Multiple logistic regressions were used, adjusting for several sociodemographic, lifestyle-related and health-related factors. Results In total, 23.1% of the individuals had probable depression and 16.0% of the individuals had probable anxiety. Multiple logistic regression showed that the likelihood of probable depression was positively associated with fear of a conventional war (OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.14–1.37). Furthermore, it was associated with fear of a nuclear war (OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.12–1.33). Additionally, regressions showed that the likelihood of probable anxiety was positively associated with fear of a conventional war (OR 1.66, 95% CI 1.49–1.86). Moreover, it was associated with fear of a nuclear war (OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.39–1.71). Conclusions Our findings stress the importance of fear of war for mental health in the general adult population in Germany. Upcoming research in this area is necessary.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fear of war and mental health in Germany

Hajek

Kretzler

König

2022

Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol

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“…The results show that these traits are generally associated with the risk of psychological distress, which concurs with other studies. [20,[34][35][36] None of the control variables (age, education, and marital status) were significantly related to psychological distress or the presence of anxiety and depressive disorders, neither when tested in a model without the psychological traits (results not shown). A recent meta-analysis in patients with breast cancer also concluded that there was little evidence that demographic and social variables are related to psychological complaints.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and predictors of psychological distress in women diagnosed with breast cancer and women without breast cancer: a prospective study of psychological risk and resilience factors

Noyen

Markovitz

Broers

et al. 2022

Journal of Psychosocial Oncology Research &Amp; Practice

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Background: There is some controversy whether psychological distress after breast cancer diagnosis and treatment remains elevated at the long-term follow-up. This study compares the prevalence of psychological distress and anxiety and depressive disorders between patients with breast cancer and women without cancer in a prospective longitudinal design. Moreover, risk and protective factors for psychological distress and anxiety and depressive disorders were compared between the 2 groups. Methods: Two hundred fifty-three patients with breast cancer who underwent surgery completed a series of self-report questionnaires immediately after surgery and 18 months later. In addition, 211 female participants without being diagnosed with cancer were assessed at the same time points. Outcomes are psychological distress as measured with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and possible presence of anxiety and depressive disorders measured with the Patient Health Questionnaire. Trait resilience, optimism, and neuroticism were investigated as protective or risk factors for the development of psychological distress, anxiety, and depression. Results: We found that the levels of psychological distress and the prevalence of anxiety and depressive disorders are higher in the breast cancer group both at baseline and at 18 months of follow-up. Trait resilience and optimism were observed to be protective factors, and neuroticism was found to be a risk factor in both the breast cancer group and the comparison group. Conclusions: Psychological distress, depression, and anxiety remain elevated in patients with breast cancer over a period of oneand-a-half year. The identified protective and risk factors for these conditions are not unique for patients with breast cancer.

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“…Lastly, studies on the association between self-esteem, optimism, anxiety and depression, and the family QOL in parents of children with chronic conditions are scarce in the literature. Self-esteem has been reported to have a mediating role for the QOL perception, and studies confirmed association between optimism, depression, anxiety and self-esteem [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ]. However, these characteristics in parents of children with DS, ASD, CP, and DMT1, and their association with family QOL are not represented in the literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Family and Individual Quality of Life in Parents of Children with Developmental Disorders and Diabetes Type 1

Ljubičić

Delin

Kolčić

2022

JCM

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Background: This cross-sectional study assessed both family and individual quality of life (QOL), and their association with self-esteem, optimism, chronic psychological stress, anxiety, and depression in parents of children with chronic conditions. Methods: Parents of children with Down syndrome (DS), autistic spectrum disorder (ASD), cerebral palsy (CP), diabetes mellitus type 1 (DMT1), and parents of children without chronic diseases with typical development (TD) were included. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to assess parental characteristics associated with the domains of individual and family QOL. Results: Compared to the parents of TD children, parents of children with ASD and DS were more likely to report reduced family QOL in all domains, while parents of children with DMT1 had lower parental perception. Self-esteem was positively associated with all domains of individual QOL, while optimism was associated with the overall individual QOL perception and health. Higher stress perception was negatively associated with most of the domains of individual and family QOL. Conclusions: This study confirmed that parents of children with chronic conditions are more likely to have lower perception of both individual and family QOL, which were associated with self-esteem, chronic stress, anxiety, and depression. Interventions should focus not only on the child with a chronic condition but on parents too.

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Association between the dispositional optimism and depression in young people: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 13 publications

References 101 publications

Fear of war and mental health in Germany

Fear of war and mental health in Germany

Prevalence and predictors of psychological distress in women diagnosed with breast cancer and women without breast cancer: a prospective study of psychological risk and resilience factors

Family and Individual Quality of Life in Parents of Children with Developmental Disorders and Diabetes Type 1

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