Molecular detection and antimicrobial resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from houseflies (Musca domestica) in Iran

Hemmatinezhad, Behsan; Ommi, Davood; Hafshejani, Taghi Taktaz; Khamesipour, Faham

doi:10.1186/s40409-015-0021-z

Cited by 27 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…A baumannii is one of the commonly isolated non-fermenting bacteria in human specimens, especially of nosocomial origin after Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Its infections are uncommon but, when they occur, it is usually associated with organ systems with high fluid content eg respiratory tract, CSF, peritoneal fluid and urinary tract (18)(19)(20). Just as observed in this study, A baumannii was detected from all sample groups from organs with fluid content including blood, urine and CSF.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Determination of Antimicrobial Resistance and Resistant Genes in Acinetobacter Baumannii from Human Clinical Samples

Momtaz¹,

Khamesipour²,

Tavakol³

et al. 2015

West Indian Med J

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A total of 500 samples including blood, phlegm, urine, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and pus were collected from patients on admission in these hospitals. A baumannii was identified by using standard microbiological procedures and conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed according to clinical and laboratory standard institute (CLSI) guidelines using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique, while different resistance genes were detected using PCR method. Results: A total of 121 A baumannii was detected out of 500 samples, representing 24.20% period prevalence. A baumannii was detected from all the sample groups, but a higher prevalence was observed in the blood (43.87%) and phlegm (24.11%). Antibiotic resistance profile showed higher resistance of A baumannii to tetracycline (90.90%), trimethoprim (61.98%) and cotrimoxazole (51.23%), followed by aminoglycosides (9.91-31.40%). Relatively low resistance was observed to cephalosporins (16.52-20.66%), quinolones (6.61-9.91%) and macrolides (8.26-14.04%), while the lowest resistance was observed to carbapenems (3.3-5.78%), chloramphenicol and nitrofurantoin. Highest detection for resistant genes was observed for tetA (58.67%), aac (3)-IV (56.19%), sul1 (55.37%) and dfrA1 (48.76%). Relatively low detection was observed for aad A1, bla-genes (SHV, CTX-M, OXA-like, VIM, SIM and IMP) and lowest detection was observed for cat1 and cmlA, while no qnr gene was detected. Conclusions: Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter infections are posing an increasing threat to the population in these communities. Carbapenems provide an effective option against infections caused by resistant A baumannii.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Determination of Antimicrobial Resistance and Resistant Genes in Acinetobacter Baumannii from Human Clinical Samples

Momtaz¹,

Khamesipour²,

Tavakol³

et al. 2015

West Indian Med J

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“…and Enterococci to name just a few, are also important causes of diseases in humans (including nosocomial infection). Furthermore, several studies reported bacteria that were resistant to multiple antibiotics including E. coli (20,35,36), Klebsiella pneumoniae [ 15 , 47 ] and Pseudomonas aeruginosa [ 15 , 19 , 48 ]. Most of the antibiotic resistant bacteria were isolated from flies caught in and around hospital environments and animal farms (where there is an extensive use of antibiotics as growth promoters) [ 15 , 17 – 20 , 49 , 50 ], suggesting that house flies may also play a role in the dissemination of antibiotic resistant bacteria to different environments [ 17 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of human pathogens carried by the housefly (Musca domestica L.)

et al. 2018

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BackgroundThe synanthropic house fly, Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae), is a mechanical vector of pathogens (bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites), some of which cause serious diseases in humans and domestic animals. In the present study, a systematic review was done on the types and prevalence of human pathogens carried by the house fly.MethodsMajor health-related electronic databases including PubMed, PubMed Central, Google Scholar, and Science Direct were searched (Last update 31/11/2017) for relevant literature on pathogens that have been isolated from the house fly.ResultsOf the 1718 titles produced by bibliographic search, 99 were included in the review. Among the titles included, 69, 15, 3, 4, 1 and 7 described bacterial, fungi, bacteria+fungi, parasites, parasite+bacteria, and viral pathogens, respectively. Most of the house flies were captured in/around human habitation and animal farms. Pathogens were frequently isolated from body surfaces of the flies. Over 130 pathogens, predominantly bacteria (including some serious and life-threatening species) were identified from the house flies. Numerous publications also reported antimicrobial resistant bacteria and fungi isolated from house flies.ConclusionsThis review showed that house flies carry a large number of pathogens which can cause serious infections in humans and animals. More studies are needed to identify new pathogens carried by the house fly.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12889-018-5934-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Moreover, house flies living in and around human habitats harbor a variety of pathogenic and nonpathogenic agents from several taxa including antibiotic-resistant bacteria (Bunchu et al 2014;Chaiwong et al 2014;Cohen et al 1991). Types of pathogens, carried by flies, are determined by the people and animals present in where flies are found, as well as the extent to which antibiotics are utilized in any given area (Nazari et al 2017;Davari et al 2010;Doud and Zurek 2012;Hemmatinezhad et al 2015;Kassiri et al 2015;Wang 2013;Zurek and Ghosh 2014). Moreover, house flies living in the hospital environment may be associated with the spread of nosocomial infections (Hemmatinezhad et al 2015;Sarwar 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Higher seasonal temperature enhances the occurrence of methicillin resistance of Staphylococcus aureus in house flies (Musca domestica) under hospital and environmental settings

et al. 2021

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Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) emergence in commensal and pathogenic bacteria is a global health issue. House flies (Musca domestica) are considered as biological and mechanical vectors for pathogens causing nosocomial infections, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). However, the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance and the role of temperature on the occurrence of Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA in house flies in a hospital environment have not been studied. A total of 400 house flies were collected in winter and summer from four hospital-associated areas in Mymensingh, Bangladesh. Detection of S. aureus and MRSA in flies was done by culturing, staining, and PCR methods targeting nuc and mec genes (mecA and mecC), respectively. Disc diffusion test was used to detect resistance phenotype against six antimicrobials. Logistic regression models were constructed to assess the effect of temperature on the frequency of antimicrobial resistance, and on the presence of the nuc and mecA genes, and location of samples in and around a hospital environment. By PCR, S. aureus was detected in 208 (52%) samples. High frequencies of resistance (≥ 80% of isolates) to amoxicillin, azithromycin, and oxacillin were observed by disk diffusion test. Increase in temperature had a positive effect on the occurrence of S. aureus and MRSA isolates as well as on their resistance to individual and multiple antimicrobials. Among the study areas, hospital premises had increased odds of having S. aureus. Increased temperature of summer significantly increased the occurrence of MRSA in house flies in and around the hospital environment, which might pose a human and animal health risk.

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Molecular detection and antimicrobial resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from houseflies (Musca domestica) in Iran

Cited by 27 publications

References 34 publications

Determination of Antimicrobial Resistance and Resistant Genes in Acinetobacter Baumannii from Human Clinical Samples

Determination of Antimicrobial Resistance and Resistant Genes in Acinetobacter Baumannii from Human Clinical Samples

A systematic review of human pathogens carried by the housefly (Musca domestica L.)

Higher seasonal temperature enhances the occurrence of methicillin resistance of Staphylococcus aureus in house flies (Musca domestica) under hospital and environmental settings

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