The influence of innovation environments in R&D results

Innovation models and technological parks: interaction between parks and innovation agents

“…Another possible effect on companies is the contribution for better accessibility to information . Schmidt et al (2016) comment that parks´ contribution may be achieved even prior to the companies´ establishments, starting from the construction of business plans. Other studies showed several activities as interactions between parks and companies: a) Increase of the companies´ intellectual capital: the parks´ infrastructure and dynamics accumulate knowledge and increase intellectual capital through qualification-raising of workers (Koh, Koh, Tschang, 2005) and training programs (Chan, Lau, 2005); b) the companies´ survival rate: Ferguson & Olofsson (2004) insist that companies in Technological Parks have greater survival rates that those outside.…”

“…According to Campanella et al (2014), the great number of research laboratories indicates the number of patents. Parks may contribute by assisting companies to obtain intellectual property, research funds, and furnish labs and specialized personnel for the development of products (Schmidt et al, 2016;Vedovello, 2006). Further, Luengo & Obeso (2013) insist that Parks may increase data sources for companies and, thus, their innovation capacity; g) participation in networks: Cooperation between big and small companies, between the latter and stakeholders, scientists and society, in general, occurs within TPs (Campanella et al, 2014); h) market achievement for innovation products: According to Koh, Koh and Tschang (2005), TPs´ activities must provide companies´ integration with the local and global markets, and identify market niches as technological companies, especially small and medium-sized ones, have to cope with difficulties to introduce innovations in the markets, gain markets and broadcast innovatory products.…”

“…Further, Luengo & Obeso (2013) insist that Parks may increase data sources for companies and, thus, their innovation capacity; g) participation in networks: Cooperation between big and small companies, between the latter and stakeholders, scientists and society, in general, occurs within TPs (Campanella et al, 2014); h) market achievement for innovation products: According to Koh, Koh and Tschang (2005), TPs´ activities must provide companies´ integration with the local and global markets, and identify market niches as technological companies, especially small and medium-sized ones, have to cope with difficulties to introduce innovations in the markets, gain markets and broadcast innovatory products. Schmidt et al (2016) state that TPs may offer assistance in market research, study distribution channels and assist in price formation; i) industrialization and reuse programs: Parks may development and implement programs in fields that would help companies to produce and re-adequate production when innovation becomes obsolete (Bigliardi et al, 2006); j) Contracts with stakeholders: Contracts may help companies installed in TPs for the prospection of stakeholders (Campanella et al, 2014;Schmidt et al, 2016). Table 1 gives a synthesis of the above aspects in Technological Parks.…”

“…Formal and informal interactivities with Universities increase the innovative capacity of companies in TPs (Díez-Vial, Montoro-Sánchez, 2016). TPs may provide Universities with classrooms, auditoriums, audiovisual equipments and funding (Schmidt et al 2016). Universities may also have the benefit of signing agreements with TP companies (Campanella et al , 2014).…”

“…Since TPs, as innovation sites, influence research and development results (Schmidt et al 2016), they have to ensure a synergic relationship with the agents (Guan, Zhao, 2013) within the context of innovation models. Current theoretical study identifies interaction forms, given in the literature, between parks and agents mentioned in the innovation models to contribute towards the comprehension of park dynamics according to the laws of innovation models.…”