Hepatitis B virus infection among oncohematologic disease patients in Central Brazil: prevalence, risk factors and immunization

Pessoni, Grécia Carolina; Marinho, Tássia A.; Carneiro, Megmar Aparecida dos Santos; Martins, Regina Maria Bringel; Soares, Caroline C.; Silva, Leandro N.; Matos, Márcia Alves Dias de; Arantes, Adriano de Moraes; Teles, Juliana Araujo; Santos, Nathália Carneiro; Teles, Sheila Araújo

doi:10.1016/j.htct.2018.11.008

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 30 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…Например, в Египте серопревалентность anti-HCV у детей с гематологическими заболеваниями составляет 81,6%, у детей с онкологическими заболеваниями -17,6%, HBV-DNA -38% [13]. В Бразилии серопревалентность HBV онкологических пациентов составила 13,97% [14]. В Турции серопревалентность HBsAg онкологических пациентов составила 4,2%, anti-HCV -0,7% [15].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

A systematic review of outbreaks of bloodborne infections (hepatitis B and C, HIV) transmitted from patient to patient in healthcare settings

Satsuk¹,

Solopova²,

Плоскирева³

2021

Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology

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Healthcare facilities have always played an important role in transmission of bloodborne infections. Procedures involving blood and blood fluids pose a risk of transmitting hepatitis B, hepatitis C and HIV not only to healthcare workers, but also to patients. To assess the role of healthcare facilities in transmission of bloodborne infections and to identify risk groups among patients as well as transmission factors, a total of 75 outbreaks of hepatitis B, hepatitis C and HIV have been analyzed with reference to the data published in different countries in 2008–2020. The comparative analysis was conducted for the outbreaks in the United States during 1992–2008 and 2008–2019. Most of the outbreaks of bloodborne infections at healthcare facilities were caused by non-adherence to standard precautions among healthcare workers: Reusing disposable items; improper handwashing; reusing gloves; non-disinfecting surfaces, reusable equipment and devices; non-sterilizing reusable instruments. In terms of bloodborne infections, high-risk facilities include hemodialysis centers, oncohematology clinics, outpatient clinics, nursing homes, residential care facilities, and diabetes treatment centers. High-risk groups include patients undergoing hemodialysis, oncohematological patients, and patients with diabetes. Diagnosis of bloodborne infections on a regular basis, hepatitis B vaccination among high-risk patients, investigation of outbreaks, adoption of rules and procedures combined with training and compliance control of healthcare workers contribute to solution of the problem associated with nosocomial transmission of bloodborne infections.

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Section: Introductionunclassified

A systematic review of outbreaks of bloodborne infections (hepatitis B and C, HIV) transmitted from patient to patient in healthcare settings

Satsuk¹,

Solopova²,

Плоскирева³

2021

Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology

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Aflatoxin M1 in milk does not contribute substantially to global liver cancer incidence

Turna

Havelaar

Adesogan

et al. 2022

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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Background For 60 y, it has been known that aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), a mycotoxin produced by Aspergillus fungi in certain food and feed crops, causes hepatocellular carcinoma (liver cancer; HCC) in humans. The annual global burden of AFB1-related HCC has been estimated. However, much less is known about the potential carcinogenic impact of a metabolite of AFB1 called aflatoxin M1 (AFM1), which is secreted in milk when dairy animals consume AFB1-contaminated feed. The cancer risk of AFM1 to humans from milk consumption has not yet been evaluated. Objectives We sought to estimate the global risk of AFM1-related liver cancer through liquid milk consumption, accounting for possible synergies between AFM1 and chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) in increasing cancer risk. Methods We conducted a quantitative cancer risk assessment by analyzing extensive datasets of national population sizes, dairy consumption patterns, AFM1 concentrations in milk in 40 nations, and chronic HBV prevalence. Two separate cancer risk assessments were conducted: assuming a possible synergy between AFM1 and HBV in increasing cancer risk in a manner similar to that of AFB1 and HBV, and assuming no such synergy. Results If there is no synergy between AFM1 and HBV, AFM1 may contribute ∼0.001% of total annual HCC cases globally. If there is synergy between AFM1 and HBV infection, AFM1 may contribute ∼0.003% of all HCC cases worldwide. In each case, the total expected AFM1-attributable cancer cases are ∼13–32 worldwide. Conclusion AFM1 exposure through liquid milk consumption does not substantially increase liver cancer risk in humans. Policymakers should consider this low risk against the nutritional benefits of milk consumption, particularly to children, in a current global situation of milk being discarded because of AFM1 concentrations exceeding regulatory standards.

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Occult Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and challenges for hepatitis elimination: A literature review

Almeida

Paula

2022

Journal of Applied Microbiology

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Occult hepatitis B infection (OBI) is characterized by the detection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA in serum or liver but negativity for hepatitis B surface antigen. OBI, which is thought to be maintained by host, immunological, viral and/or epigenetic factors, is one of the most challenging clinical features in the study of viral hepatitis. Currently, there is no validated detection test for OBI. It is believed that OBI is widely distributed throughout the world, with a higher prevalence in populations at high-risk HBV, but the detailed worldwide prevalence patterns are unknown. We conducted a survey of recently published studies on OBI rates across all continents.High prevalence rates of OBI are observed in some specific groups, including patients with hepatitis C virus, human immunodeficiency virus co-infection or hepatocellular carcinoma. In 2016, the World Health Organization adopted strategies to eliminate viral hepatitis by 2030, but the difficulties in detecting and treating OBI currently challenge this goal. Subjects with OBI can transmit HBV, and episodes of reactivation can occur. Further studies to understanding the mechanisms that drive the development of OBI are needed and can contribute to efforts at eliminating viral hepatitis.

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Hepatitis B virus infection among oncohematologic disease patients in Central Brazil: prevalence, risk factors and immunization

Cited by 4 publications

References 30 publications

A systematic review of outbreaks of bloodborne infections (hepatitis B and C, HIV) transmitted from patient to patient in healthcare settings

A systematic review of outbreaks of bloodborne infections (hepatitis B and C, HIV) transmitted from patient to patient in healthcare settings

Aflatoxin M1 in milk does not contribute substantially to global liver cancer incidence

Occult Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and challenges for hepatitis elimination: A literature review

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