Phenolic content and antibacterial activity of extracts of Hamelia patens obtained by different extraction methods

Abstract

Hamelia patens, is a plant traditionally used to treat a variety of conditions among the Huastec people of Mexico. The objective of this study is to characterize the phenolic content and critically examine the antimicrobial activity of leaf extracts H. patens, obtained by maceration, Soxhlet and percolation, using ethanol as 70% solvent. Phenolic compounds are characterized by liquid chromatography, coupled to a High Resolution Mass Spectrometry, and the antimicrobial activity was studied from the inhibitory effect of each extract for Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi and S. paratyphi, and by the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration, the percentage of activity and the Index of Bacterial Susceptibility of each extract. The phenolic compound identified in different concentrations in the three extracts was epicatechin. The extracts obtained by the three methods had antimicrobial activity, however, there was no significant difference (p < 0.05) between the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration of the extracts obtained by maceration, percolation and Soxhlet. The results of this study contribute to the body of knowledge on the use of extracts in controlling microorganisms with natural antimicrobials.

A Phytochemical and Ethnopharmacological Recapitulation on Hamelia patens

“…Several natural phytoconstituent were isolated and identified from acetone extract of Hamelia patens leaves; 24-methylenecycloartan-3ß-ol, 24-methylcycloart-25-en-3ßol, 2E-3,7,11,15,19-pentamethyl-2-eicosaen-1-ol, ß-sitosterol, stigma-st erol, ursolic acid, aricine, catechin and glucuric acid [29]. Ethanolic leaf extract of Hamelia was obtained using different method of extraction and analyzed by HPLC/ESI-MS method, in which various constituent were observed such as quinic acid, hydroxyl cinnamic acid, catechin, caffeoyl quinic acid, procyanidin B2, epicatechin, ( + )-catechin3-O-glucose, quercetin 3-O-rutinoside, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside and 3-hydroxyphloretin-2'-O-glucoside [30]. GC-MS analysis showed that Hamelia contains major phytoconstituent which belongs to the different classes of natural products such as Momeinositol, Pentadecanoic acid, 9 octadecenol, Squalene, Gamma-sitosterol, Mitrajavine, Ergost 5-en-3-ol (3,beta), Stigmast-7-en-3-ol [31].…”

“…It means that different method of extraction can also affect the extraction of different constituent like Procyanidine is absent in the Soxhlet extraction method but present in maceration and percolation. Hydroxycinnamic acid and catechin are present only in the maceration [30]. The maximum anti-bacterial property was found in ethanolic extract of leaves and stem where the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) ranged from 25 mg/ml to > 100 mg/ml among the test organisms Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) ranged from 12.5 mg/ml to 100 mg/ml.…”

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“…These results suggest that the antibacterial activity of the essential oil of laurus nobilis is mainly due to its wealth in molecules, this activity is explicable by the presence of the high contents of the components: 1,8-cineole, α-pinene and linalool or by a synergy between these major components and other minors in this essential oil. It is clear that there is a relationship between the presence of phenolic compounds and strong antibacterial activity 31 . Antioxidant Activities: The antioxidant activity of Laurus nobilis L. essential oils was evaluated by three in-vitro antioxidant methods: DPHH free radical scavenging, reducing power assay and total antioxidant capacity.…”

Karakterisasi Senyawa Bioaktif Kapang Laut Trichoderma asperellum MT02 dengan Aktivitas Anti-Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL) E. coli

“…turunan dari golongan alkaloid, fenol dan flavonoid telah banyak dilaporkan sebagai antibakteri yang sangat potensial (Cushnie et al 2015;Xie et al 2015;Paz et al 2018;Wang et al 2019). Selain senyawa dari golongan alkaloid, fenol dan flavonoid, senyawa dari turunan nonribosomal peptide (NRP) dan poliketida (PK) juga banyak dilaporkan sebagai agen antibakteri yang sangat kuat.…”