Toxoplasmosis in pregnancy: a clinical, diagnostic, and epidemiological study in a referral hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Villar, Bianca Balzano de La Fuente; Neves, Elizabeth de Souza; Louro, Virginia Clare; Lessa, Juliana Frazão; Rocha, Danielle Nascimento; Gomes, Leonardo Henrique Ferreira; Gomes, Saint Clair; Pereira, José Paulo; Moreira, Maria Elisabeth Lopes; Guida, Letícia da Cunha

doi:10.1016/j.bjid.2020.10.001

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In Rio de Janeiro, between 2014 and 2017, the follow-up of a group of infected pregnant women revealed that there are still important barriers to coping with the problem, such as late referral to specialized services or inadequate management in prenatal services, in addition to social issues involving the persistent occurrence of cases of congenital toxoplasmosis. 11 Similar findings were also seen in a study in Minas Gerais State, in which the prevalence was related to worse hygiene rates, difficulty in accessing health care and worse school performances of the pregnant women, highlighting the need for wide surveillance of the disease and associated risk factors. 4 Despite the increase in serological testing for toxoplasmosis during pregnancy, it was observed that most mothers were tested less than twice, a number lower than what is recommended by the Ministry of Health.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Profile of pregnant women and children accompanied due to T. gondii exposure at a referred healthcare center: What has changed in 10 years?

Soares

Holzmann

Alves

et al. 2023

Rev. Bras. Saude Mater. Infant.

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Objectives: to characterize the profile of pregnant women and newborns accompanied at a reference center for infectious-parasitic diseases, after the exposure of T. gondii, establishing comparisons with a previous study, in the same location, ten years ago. Methods: this is a retrospective cohort study, with a follow-up of four years (2016 to 2019), using the previous study carried out from 2002 to 2010 as a comparative for the variables assessed. Mothers who presented tests suggestive of seroconversion for the disease during prenatal care and their respective concepts, followed up over a year, were included. The chi-square test was used, assuming a significance level of 5% for the comparison of the groups in the two periods. Results: during the period from 2016 to 2019, 79 binomials were studied, whereas 58 binomials were accompanied in the previous period. Comparing both periods, the findings showed lower proportions of adolescents (p<0.001), with low schooling (p<0.001), with low serological testing (p<0.001) and with late or postnatal diagnosis (p<0.001). As to the children, the findings showed fewer changes in fundoscopy (p<0.001), strabismus (p=0.002), hepatomegaly (p=0.026) and any sequelae (p<0.001). Conclusion: a positive advance was observed regarding the care provided for the mother-child binomial affected by T. gondii, with a reduction in negative outcomes for the child. However, there are still challenges concerning the diagnosis and proper management of the disease.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Profile of pregnant women and children accompanied due to T. gondii exposure at a referred healthcare center: What has changed in 10 years?

Soares

Holzmann

Alves

et al. 2023

Rev. Bras. Saude Mater. Infant.

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“…Entre mulheres em idade reprodutiva, a soroprevalência varia de 10 a 50%. Em algumas áreas dos trópicos, especialmente em comunidades com exposição a solo contaminado, carne mal-cozida ou água não filtrada têm uma prevalência mais alta de até 80% (DE LA FUENTE VILLAR et al, 2020). O Toxoplasma gondii infecta cerca de 2 bilhões de pessoas e, embora apenas uma pequena porcentagem das pessoas infectadas sofrerá de doenças graves, a prevalência do parasita o torna uma das doenças zoonóticas mais prejudiciais do mundo.…”

Section: Fundamentação Teóricaunclassified

“…No organismo desses animais agora infectados, o parasita inicia sua multiplicação e posteriormente causa parasitemia, podendo afetar qualquer órgão. No entanto, quando esse hospedeiro tem uma resposta imune adequada, os parasitas se transformam na forma de cisto, que ficam retidos nos tecidos por longos períodos sem reatividade até que essa condição imunológica se altere (DE LA FUENTE VILLAR et al, 2020).…”

Section: Fundamentação Teóricaunclassified

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TOXOPLASMOSE EM HUMANOS: conhecimentos e atitudes na prevenção da doença

Paes¹

2023

CITEC

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A Toxoplasmose é considerada uma zoonose que afeta a maioria dos mamíferos. Podendo causar graves complicações para gestantes e pacientes imunodeprimidos. Uma grande parte da população ainda não tem conhecimento sobre a gravidade dessa doença e os meios de prevenção. Esse estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar o problema da falta de informação sobre a doença a fim de melhorar e conscientizar a população. O estudo contou com 223 voluntários, que responderam de forma remota um questionário sobre essa enfermidade. Os dados foram tabulados e apresentados em formas de gráficos. Como resultado, foi possível notar a falta de informações corretas sobre a doença entre os entrevistados e a diferença de conhecimento entre os gêneros. Onde tem-se que, 44% dos homens entrevistados afirmaram nunca terem ouvido falar sobre a Toxoplasmose, já entre as mulheres, esse valor foi de 22%. E ainda, nas respostas referentes aos meios contaminação, tem-se 45% das respostas afirmando que o fato se deve ao convívio com gatos, seguida de 39% das respostas afirmado ser em razão a ingestão de alimentos contaminados. Esse trabalho contribui no preenchimento de algumas lacunas sobre o conhecimento da população em relação a Toxoplasmose, auxiliando o direcionamento dos trabalhos na área da Saúde Pública.

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“…При первичном заражении во время беременности Т. gondii передается плоду примерно в 15-40% случаев, но частота врожденной передачи значительно варьирует в зависимости от срока гестации, в котором произошло заражение матери. К примеру, в 6, 13, 18, 26, 30 и 37 недель беременности риск инфицирования плода составляет 2,2%, 13%, 23%, 44%, 56% и 70% соответственно [5,7,12]. Частота передачи и тяжесть заболевания находятся в обратной зависимости.…”

Section: рисunclassified

Assessment of the Impact of Toxoplasm Infection on Recurrent Pregnancy Loss and Infant Mortality

Юркевич¹,

Прибушеня²,

Клецкий³

et al. 2022

Репродуктивное Здоровье. Восточная Европа

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Токсоплазмоз является наиболее частой причиной внутриутробного инфицирования плода. У беременных женщин обычно протекает бессимптомно, но может приводить к смерти плода или новорожденного или к пожизненной инвалидности. В период с 1999 г. по 2020 г. в городе Минске зарегистрирован 21 случай врожденной токсоплазменной инфекции с летальным исходом. Нами была рассчитана и проанализирована доля смертности от врожденной токсоплазменной инфекции в структуре младенческой смертности. Установлено, что наибольшая смертность от врожденного токсоплазмоза была в 1999 г. и составила 5,8% от всех причин. В 2000 г. этот показатель снизился и составил 4,2%, в 2001 и 2003 гг. 0,3% и 0,5% соответственно, в 2009 и 2010 гг. 0,5% и 0,8%, в 2013 г. 1,6%. С 2014 по 2020 г. случаи летального исхода от врожденной токсоплазменной инфекции не регистрировались. Проведенное нами исследование показало, что у женщин, беременность которых завершилась физиологическими родами в 2020 г. (n=291) в возрасте 20–25 лет, только у 13,9% присутствовали в крови IgG-антитела к токсоплазме, в 26–30 лет у 31,4%, далее уровень антител вновь снижался в 31–35 лет до 21,7%. Последняя возрастная группа в Республике Беларусь является в настоящее время ведущей среди первородящих. В группе женщин с привычным невынашиванием (n=171) с возрастом растет титр IgG-антител к токсоплазме, в среднем от 20% в возрасте 20–30 лет до 40% к 30–35 годам. Таким образом, чем старше женщина, тем выше вероятность, что она перенесла токсоплазменную инфекцию и у нее в крови будут присутствовать IgG-антитела. Toxoplasmosis is the most common cause of intrauterine infection of the fetus. It is usually asymptomatic in pregnant women, but can lead to lifelong disability and even death of the fetus or newborn. We have calculated and analyzed the share of mortality from congenital toxoplasma infection in the structure of infant mortality in Minsk. It was found that the highest mortality from congenital toxoplasmosis was in 1999 (5.8% of all causes). In 2000, this indicator decreased to 4.2%, in 2001 and 2003 it was 0.3 and 0.5% respectively, in 2009 and 2010 – 0.5 and 0.8%, in 2013 – 1.6%. From 2014 to 2020, no cases of death from congenital toxoplasma infection were recorded. Our study showed that out of 291 pregnant women aged 20–25 years, only 13.9% had immunity to toxoplasma. At 26–30 years old – 31.4% and this is the maximum value. This last age group in the Republic of Belarus is currently the leading one among nulliparous women. In the group of women with recurrent miscarriage (N=171), the titer of antitoxoplasma IgG increases with age, on average from 20% at the age of 20–30 to 40% by 30–35 years. Thus, the older the woman, the higher the likelihood that she had a toxoplasma infection, and she will have IgG antibodies to toxoplasmosis in her blood.

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Toxoplasmosis in pregnancy: a clinical, diagnostic, and epidemiological study in a referral hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Cited by 7 publications

References 23 publications

Profile of pregnant women and children accompanied due to T. gondii exposure at a referred healthcare center: What has changed in 10 years?

Profile of pregnant women and children accompanied due to T. gondii exposure at a referred healthcare center: What has changed in 10 years?

TOXOPLASMOSE EM HUMANOS: conhecimentos e atitudes na prevenção da doença

Assessment of the Impact of Toxoplasm Infection on Recurrent Pregnancy Loss and Infant Mortality

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