Seroprevalence and factors associated with Human Immunodeficiency virus, Human T lymphotropic virus and Hepatitis B/C infections in parturient women of Salvador – Bahia, Brazil

Vargas, Ludy Alexandra; Bastos, Fernanda Anjos; Guimarães, André; Amaral, Sávio; Fausto, Tarcisio; Arriaga, María B.; Sarno, Manoel; Brites, Carlos

doi:10.1016/j.bjid.2020.05.001

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…As doenças infecto-parasitárias maternas -categorias O98 e B20 a B24 -diminuíram durante o período do estudo, ainda lideradas pela infecção por HIV e tuberculose (TB). Alterações imunológicas somadas a condições socioeconômicas desfavoráveis interferem na mortalidade de gestantes HIV-positivo 50 , mas muitas vezes é difícil definir a contribuição da infecção para o óbito da paciente 51 . TB na gestação está associada à maior morbimortalidade materna, especialmente naquelas mulheres com TB ativa durante a gestação ou com início do tratamento tardio 52,53 .…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Tendência da mortalidade materna no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, entre 2006 e 2018, segundo a classificação CID-MM

et al. 2022

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O objetivo foi analisar a tendência da razão de mortalidade materna (RMM) segundo a classificação CID-Mortalidade Materna (CID-MM) no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, no período de 2006 a 2018. Foi realizado estudo de tendência temporal da RMM no Rio de Janeiro segundo tipo de óbito - direto ou indireto - e grupos de causas da classificação CID-MM, da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS). A RMM foi calculada com dados do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM) e do Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos (SINASC). As tendências foram estimadas pelo Joinpoint Regression Program. Dos 2.192 óbitos maternos no estado, 61% foram por causas diretas, 34% indiretas e 5% não especificadas. A tendência da RMM total e por causas diretas foi de declínio: 1,2% (IC95%: -2,3; -0,1) ao ano e 3,8% (IC95%: -4,9; -2,6) entre 2006 e 2015, respectivamente. Para causas diretas, segundo a CID-MM, o grupo 2 (causas hipertensivas) foi preponderante, mas houve declínio da eclâmpsia. Seguiram-se o grupo 5 (outras complicações, das quais se destacaram a categoria O90 e a subcategoria O90.3 - cardiomiopatia no puerpério) e o grupo 1 (gravidez que termina em aborto). As causas indiretas apresentaram estabilidade e a maioria pertencia à categoria O99 e suas subcategorias, relacionadas a doenças cardiovasculares e respiratórias. A RMM no Rio de Janeiro apresentou tendência de declínio entre 2006 e 2018, porém distante do recomendado pela OMS e com diferentes comportamentos entre as causas. A classificação CID-MM foi útil para identificar grandes grupos de causas, mas é preciso desagregar por subcategorias, para o adequado conhecimento da etiologia da morte materna.

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Section: Resultsunclassified

Tendência da mortalidade materna no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, entre 2006 e 2018, segundo a classificação CID-MM

et al. 2022

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“…In addition, they carry the burden of transmitting the virus to their children. Women who are victims of domestic and/or sexual violence have 9 times more risk of being infected by HTLV-1/2 in Brazil [ 80 ], which reinforces the observation that this neglected virus will predominantly affect vulnerable individuals. Other vulnerable population groups that are considered high risk for acquiring infection were already identified and include men who have sex with other men (MSM), commercial sex workers, and people who inject drugs.…”

Section: A Neglected Virus Affecting a Neglected Population Needs An Integrated Strategy To Prevent Its Spreadmentioning

confidence: 67%

Blocking HTLV-1/2 silent transmission in Brazil: Current public health policies and proposal for additional strategies

et al. 2021

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Human T-cell lymphotropic viruses 1 and 2 (HTLV-1/2) are relatively common in Brazil but remain silent and neglected infections. HTLV-1 is associated with a range of diseases with high morbidity and mortality. There is no curative treatment for this lifelong infection, so measures to prevent transmission are essential. This narrative review discusses HTLV-1/2 transmission routes and measures to prevent its continuous dissemination. The public health policies that are currently implemented in Brazil to avoid HTLV-1/2 transmission are addressed, and further strategies are proposed.

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“…Condom-less sex is considered to be the predominant pathway for HTLV-1 transmission globally (23) and in contrast to HIV, women are at much greater risk of acquiring HTLV-1 by sexual transmission than are men (116). Experiences of gender inequality therefore intersect with risk of infection among potential carriers (117,118). Only two qualitative studies in Brazil have explored gender imbalances in relation to HTLV-1 (40,41) and few Australian studies have highlighted the difficulties encountered by women negotiating condom use in remote settings (119,120).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Qualitative Study Exploring Perceptions to the Human T Cell Leukaemia Virus Type 1 in Central Australia: Barriers to Preventing Transmission in a Remote Aboriginal Population

Fowler

Einsiedel

2022

Front. Med.

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BackgroundCentral Australia has the highest recorded prevalence of infection with the human T cell leukaemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) worldwide. Each of the clinical diseases associated with HTLV-1 have been reported in this region, including deaths due to adult T cell leukaemia, which is causally linked to HTLV-1. Nevertheless, no public health response has been implemented to reduce HTLV-1 transmission among the affected Aboriginal population. In the first study to explore the perceptions of healthcare professionals along with those of Aboriginal people whose communities are actually impacted by HTLV-1, we sought to understand the barriers to preventing HTLV-1 transmission in this remote area.Methodology/Principal FindingsSemi and un-structured interviews were conducted with 30 Australian Aboriginal people, 26 non-Aboriginal healthcare professionals and 3 non-Aboriginal community workers. The purpose of the interviews was to explore perceptions towards HTLV-1 in a health context with a focus on sexual and reproductive rights. Deductive and inductive analyses were applied to the data and a decolonizing lens brought peripheral stories to the fore. A major finding was the contrast between views expressed by Aboriginal participants and healthcare professionals regarding the provision of knowledge to those affected. Aboriginal participants consistently articulated that they and their communities should be informed of, and can hold, knowledges pertaining to HTLV-1. This finding controverted the perceptions of healthcare professionals that the complexities of the virus would not be well-understood by their Aboriginal patients and that sharing HTLV-1 knowledges might overwhelm Aboriginal people. Further analyses revealed a spectrum of understanding and clinical practice, while also delineating signs of an imagined public health response.Conclusions/SignificanceHTLV-1 remains a neglected infection in Australia. Knowledge of HTLV-1 is held by a privileged medical elite and does not flow to marginalised Aboriginal people living in affected communities. We demonstrate that differences in the perspectives of stakeholders presents a significant barrier to the development of cohesive, culturally safe prevention programs that foster a shared knowledge of HTLV-1. The interview data suggests that a successful public health program is likely to require a dual approach that includes clinical care and community-driven health promotion. Aspects of this approach, which would raise awareness and potentially reduce transmission and lower HTLV-1 prevalence in Central Australia, may be applicable to other endemic settings with similar conditions of social disadvantage, geographic remoteness, resource limitations and cross-cultural challenges.

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Seroprevalence and factors associated with Human Immunodeficiency virus, Human T lymphotropic virus and Hepatitis B/C infections in parturient women of Salvador – Bahia, Brazil

Cited by 8 publications

References 28 publications

Tendência da mortalidade materna no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, entre 2006 e 2018, segundo a classificação CID-MM

Tendência da mortalidade materna no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, entre 2006 e 2018, segundo a classificação CID-MM

Blocking HTLV-1/2 silent transmission in Brazil: Current public health policies and proposal for additional strategies

A Qualitative Study Exploring Perceptions to the Human T Cell Leukaemia Virus Type 1 in Central Australia: Barriers to Preventing Transmission in a Remote Aboriginal Population

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