Hepatitis E virus prevalence in Egyptian children with transfusion-dependent thalassemia

Abdelmawla, Doaa; Moemen, Dalia; Darwish, Ahmad; Mowafy, Wafaa

doi:10.1016/j.bjid.2019.01.007

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…A limited number of studies regarding the HEV prevalence in patients with hemoglobinopathies from other global areas is available. The anti‐HEV IgG prevalence we observed in Brazilian patients with thalassemia (20%) was higher than that obtained in patients from Iran, India (10%) and Saudi Arabia (10.7%) but was lower compared with the results obtained for Egyptian patients with beta‐thalassemia (24.3%) . The anti‐HEV IgG prevalence obtained from sickle cell disease patients (7.7%) was lower than that described in Saudi Arabia (18.0%) .…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

Prevalence of hepatitis E virus infection in multiple transfused Brazilian patients with thalassemia and sickle cell disease

Slavov

Maçonetto

Martinez

et al. 2019

Journal of Medical Virology

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Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a leading cause of acute hepatitis worldwide. The virus is acquired by fecal-oral route; however, it can also be transmitted by blood transfusion.The objective of the study was to examine anti-HEV immunoglobulin G and HEV RNA prevalence in multiple transfused patients with thalassemia and sickle cell disease (SCD), and in blood donors. The HEV seroprevalence in the patients was 13% (20% in thalassemics; 7.7% in SCD), and 11% in blood donors. No positive result for HEV RNA was obtained. This is a pioneer study examining HEV circulation in Brazilian patients with hemoglobinopathies. K E Y W O R D S

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

Prevalence of hepatitis E virus infection in multiple transfused Brazilian patients with thalassemia and sickle cell disease

Slavov

Maçonetto

Martinez

et al. 2019

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…Notably, HEV antibodies have been detected in poly‐transfused patients such as those with thalassemia. The frequencies of HEV‐IgG and HEV‐IgM were 24.29% and 2.86%, respectively, among Egyptian thalassemic children 200 . These data highlight the risk of HEV transmission from asymptomatic blood donors.…”

Section: Hepatitis E Virusmentioning

confidence: 69%

Current situation of viral hepatitis in Egypt

Elbahrawy

Ibrahim

Eliwa

et al. 2021

Microbiology and Immunology

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An estimated 8–10 million people suffer from viral hepatitis in Egypt. Hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) are the major causes of viral hepatitis in Egypt as 50% or more of the Egyptian population are already exposed to HAV infection by the age of 15. In addition, over 60% of the Egyptian population test seropositive for anti‐HEV in the first decade of life. HEV mainly causes self‐limiting hepatitis; however, cases of fulminant hepatitis and liver failure were reported in Egypt. Hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and hepatitis D virus (HDV) are the main causes of chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC]) in Egypt. Globally, Egypt had the highest age‐standardized death rate due to cirrhosis from 1990 to 2017. The prevalence rate of HBV (1.3%–1.5%) has declined after national infantile immunization. Coinfection of HBV patients with HDV is common in Egypt because HDV antibodies (IgG) vary in range from 8.3% to 43% among total HBV patients. After the conduction of multiple national programs to control HCV infection, a lower rate of HCV prevalence (4.6%) was recently reported. Data about the incidence of HCV after treatment with direct antiviral agents (DAAs) are lacking. An HCC incidence of 29/1000/year in cirrhotic patients after DAA treatment is reported. A higher rate of infiltrative pattern among HCC patients after DAA treatment is also recognized. Viral hepatitis is one of the major public health concerns in Egypt that needs more attention and funding from health policymakers.

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“…Since HCV and HBV are transmitted by blood transfusion, the high rate of coinfection of HEV with other blood-transmitted hepatotropic viruses suggests that blood transfusion is a potential route of transmission among Egyptians. Besides, anti-HEV antibodies (IgG, IgM) were detected among Egyptian children who were associated with transfusion-dependent thalassemia [66] and there was a significant correlation between HEV seropositivity and the amount of blood transfused per year [66].…”

Section: Blood Transfusion and Hev Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Is Hepatitis E Virus a Neglected or Emerging Pathogen in Egypt?

Sayed

Abdelwahab

2022

Pathogens

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Though Egypt ranks among the top countries for viral hepatitis and death-related liver disease, Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a neglected disease. Living in villages and rural communities with low sanitation, use of underground well water and contact with animals are the main risk factors for HEV infection. Domestic animals, especially ruminants and their edible products, are one source of infection. Contamination of water by either human or animal stools is the main route of infection. In addition, HEV either alone or in coinfection with other hepatotropic viruses has been recorded in Egyptian blood donors. HEV seropositivity among Egyptian villagers was 60–80%, especially in the first decade of life. Though HEV seropositivity is the highest among Egyptians, HEV infection is not routinely diagnosed in Egyptian hospitals. The initial manifestations of HEV among Egyptians is a subclinical infection, although progression to fulminant hepatic failure has been recorded. With the improvement in serological and molecular approaches and increasing research on HEV, it is becoming clear that HEV represents a threat for Egyptians and preventive measures should be considered to reduce the infection rate and possible complications.

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Hepatitis E virus prevalence in Egyptian children with transfusion-dependent thalassemia

Cited by 13 publications

References 28 publications

Prevalence of hepatitis E virus infection in multiple transfused Brazilian patients with thalassemia and sickle cell disease

Prevalence of hepatitis E virus infection in multiple transfused Brazilian patients with thalassemia and sickle cell disease

Current situation of viral hepatitis in Egypt

Is Hepatitis E Virus a Neglected or Emerging Pathogen in Egypt?

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