10 Element Sub-6-GHz Multi-Band Double-T Based MIMO Antenna System for 5G Smartphones

Abstract

A 10 element multiple input multi output (MIMO)/Diversity antenna system is considered to work in Sub-6 GHz frequency range. The proposed design can work in long term evolution (LTE) band 42(3.4-3.6 GHz), LTE band 43(3.6-3.8 GHz) and LTE band 46(5.15-5.925 GHz). The proposed design consists of 10 identical and highly isolated T-shaped slot antennas fed with T-shaped lines. All three bands have the return loss values (<-6 dB) and total antenna efficiency (>83%) in free space. The peak value of envelope correlation coefficient is 0.06 and the calculated value of ergodic channel capacity is found to be greater than 41bps/Hz in all the bands.The effect of hand grip as well as the presence of battery and LCD screen is investigated. Simulated results are validated via fabrication and measurement of the proposed design.

A High-Order EMSIW MIMO Antenna for Space-Constrained 5G Smartphone

“…To further demonstrate that the proposed twelve-element MIMO antenna design is improved, a comparison was carried out with recently published 5G smartphone MIMO antennas [21,[23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. The proposed design is compact and straightforward in terms of unit antenna area as compared to [21,[23][24][25], as the author in [23] used DN to improve the isolation, but isolation achieved was lower than reported in this paper.…”

“…An optimized antenna case A was reached after detailed analysis, as shown in Figure 1, where six EMSIW antennas were arranged on each long edge AB and CD side of the PCB. Such high-order antennas are required at the user terminal side to achieve high data rates [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. These antennas were arranged strategically, considering various diversity techniques, as discussed in Section 2.…”

“…In order to present the proposed study in a more realistic smartphones scenario, the antenna performances, such as S-parameters, radiation efficiencies, and ECC, were evaluated considering the effect of the user's hand. Since the proposed design works in the Sub-6 GHz band, the analysis was restricted to data transmission mode [29], which is classified as a single-hand mode (SHM), or talk mode, and dual-hand mode (DHM), or read mode (See Figure 24). Due to computational limitations, the simplified hands' models [39,40] were considered in the proposed study.…”

“…Table 6 shows the comprehensive comparison between the proposed antenna array designs and the recently reported works on SIW MIMO antennas [5,17,18] as well as the 5G handset MIMO antennas [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. The [5,17] and [18] are the EMSIW MIMO antennas, as in the proposed work.…”

“…In earlier work [5], a rectangular slot was used in the ground plane for decoupling purposes to achieve high isolation of 30 dB, and in the latter case [18], no extra decoupling network was used, and a minimum isolation of 18.5 dB was achieved. The SIW MIMO antennas [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] were developed without considering the space-constrained smartphone scenario, where edges and corners are the only space available for antenna placement [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. Therefore, it requires a careful antenna design and placement strategy to fulfill space-related constraints in such a scenario.…”