1.55-$\mu$m VCSEL Arrays for High-Bandwidth WDM-PONs

Hofmann, Werner; Wong, Elaine; Böhm, G.; Ortsiefer, M.; Zhu, Nan; Amann, M.-C.

doi:10.1109/lpt.2007.915631

Cited by 52 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The interaction of VCSEL laser chirp and fibre dispersion in the upstream analogue optical modulation had negligible effect on the received WiMAX channels in the OLT. Longer fibre link lengths were not used due to the VCSEL output power limitation (max 0dBm); however, higher output power VCSEL arrays [16] could significantly reduce the EVM penalties.…”

Section: A 20km Pon Wimax Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, to demonstrate colourless wireless-PONs in the upstream direction, long-wavelength vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) arrays [16] and tuneable optical bandpass filters (BPF) [17] can be deployed in the ONU/BSs. Although reflective semiconductor optical amplifiers (RSOAs) could be alternatively used, the effects of Rayleigh backscattering are more pronounced in reflective architectures.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Demonstration of Wireless Backhauling Over Long-Reach PONs

Milosavljević

Thakur²,

Kourtessis

et al. 2012

J. Lightwave Technol.

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Section: A 20km Pon Wimax Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Demonstration of Wireless Backhauling Over Long-Reach PONs

Milosavljević

Thakur²,

Kourtessis

et al. 2012

J. Lightwave Technol.

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“…Such links and networks employ 850 nm multimode VCSELs with excellent high-speed and reliability performance. However, VCSELs are also being developed for longer distance optical communication such as access and metropolitan networks where wavelengths of 1,310 and 1,550 nm are used [2]. With such networks being based on single-mode fiber, the VCSEL has to be single-mode, i.e.…”

Section: Applications and Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-Mode VCSELs

Larsson

Gustavsson

2012

Springer Series in Optical Sciences

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The only active transverse mode in a truly single-mode VCSEL is the fundamental mode with a near Gaussian field distribution. A single-mode VCSEL produces a light beam of higher spectral purity, higher degree of coherence and lower divergence than a multimode VCSEL and the beam can be more precisely shaped and focused to a smaller spot. Such beam properties are required in many applications. In this chapter, after discussing applications of single-mode VCSELs, we introduce the basics of fields and modes in VCSELs and review designs implemented for singlemode emission from VCSELs in different materials and at different wavelengths. This includes VCSELs that are inherently single-mode as well as inherently multimode VCSELs where higher-order modes are suppressed by mode selective gain or loss. In each case we present the current state-of-the-art and discuss pros and cons. At the end, a specific example with experimental results is provided and, as a summary, the most promising designs based on current technologies are identified. IntroductionThe vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) is an attractive light source for an expanding range of applications. Due to low cost manufacturing, low power consumption, simplified packaging, attractive beam properties (circular and low divergence beam) and excellent high-speed modulation characteristics at low currents, it has replaced the edge-emitting laser in short-reach optical communication links

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“…Another significant feature of the proposed topology lays in the use of low-cost longwavelength VCSEL arrays 3 for upstream, to demonstrate colourless terminations with simple coupling optics, which are not limited by the non-linear effects of the optical fibre. Although RSOAs could possibly be investigated 4 , the Rayleigh backscattering is known to potentially degrade performance.…”

Section: Network Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%