“…Recently, researchers have focused on developing new designs of the MPA, including the shape of the radiator element [12] (such as a rectangle, a square, a triangle, a circle, a ring, or a heart [13]), the operating frequency [14], [15] (such as 2.4 GHz, and 5.8 GHz), the polarization (linear [16] or circular [17]), and miniaturization methods (defective ground structure (DGS) [18], defective microstrip structure (DMS) [19], and electromagnetic bandwidth structure (EBS) [20]). Some work in the literature where the operating frequency is about 2.45 GHz like [21]- [24], the bandwidth of this work is less than 68.80 MHz. In this context, this work was done to have a wide bandwidth around the resonant frequency of 2.45 GHz.…”