In this paper, a 50ns 256-kb EEPROM IP for MCU (micro controller unit) ICs is designed. The speed of data sensing is increased in the read mode by using a proposed DB sensing circuit of differential amplifier type which uses the reference voltage, and the switching speed is also increased by reducing the total DB parasitic capacitance as a distributed DB structure is separated into eight. Also, the access time is reduced reducing a precharging time of BL in the read mode removing a 5V NMOS transistor in the conventional RD switch, and the reliability of output data can be secured by obtaining the differential voltage (ΔV) between the DB and the reference voltages as 0.2*VDD. The access time of the designed 256-kb EEPROM IP is 45.8ns and the layout size is 1571.625μm × 798.540μm based on MagnaChip's 0.18μm EEPROM process.

Discrimination of geographic origin of agricultural products is a important issue in Korea because the price difference between Korean domestic and imported cereals is a key among some reasons. NIRS (Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy) has been applied to classify the geographical origin of soybeans. Total 135 samples (Korean domestic 92 and foreign 43) were used to obtain calibration equation through 400～2,500 nm wavelength. The math treatment with 1st derivative and 4 nm gap and the modified partial least squares(MPLS)regression was outstanding for calibration equation. The standard error of calibration and determination coefficient in calibration set(n=115) was 6.65 and 0.98, respectively. And it showed that the extra 20 samples for validation equation were identified their authentication correctly. This study describes that the application of NIRS would be possible for discrimination of geographical origin between Korean domestic and imported soybeans.

Background/Aims: To evaluate the technical feasibility of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with the major portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT). Methods: Ten institutions affiliated with the Korean Stereotactic Radiosurgery Group were provided the contours of four cases: the first case was the first branch PVTT with sufficient normal liver volume (NLV), the second was the first branch PVTT with insufficient NLV, the third was the main trunk PVTT at confluence level, and the fourth was the main trunk PVTT with entire length. The institutions were asked to make SBRT plans according to their current treatment protocols and to complete facility questionnaires. Results: Based on institutional protocols, SBRT was feasible in nine institutions for the first case (32-60 Gy in 3-5 fractions), in eight institutions for the second case (32-50 Gy in 3-5 fractions), in seven institutions for the third case (35-60 Gy in 3-5 fractions), and in four institutions for the fourth case (35-42 Gy in 4-5 fractions). The other institutions recommended hypo-or conventional fractionation due to insufficient NLV or gastrointestinal organ proximity. With analysis of the SBRT dose to the central hepatobiliary tract, the major PVTT could theoretically be associated with a high risk of hepatobiliary toxicity. Conclusions: Although SBRT is a technically feasible option for HCC with the major PVTT, there was a variability among the participating institutions. Therefore, further studies will be necessary to standardize the practice of SBRT for the major PVTT. (J Liver Cancer 2018;18:130-141)

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