引用格式: 王泽宇, 徐静, 王焱熙. 中国海洋资源消耗强度因素分解与时空差异分析 [J]. 资源科学, 2019, 41 (2) : 301-312. [Wang Z Y, Xu J, Wang Y X. Factor decomposition and spatio-temporal difference analysis in marine resource consumption intensity in China[J]. 1 引言 海洋是人类生存和国家发展的资源宝库, 合理 开发利用海洋资源已成为解决当今陆地资源匮乏、 环境恶化、 人口膨胀等问题的重要途径。但随着沿 海地区海洋经济的快速发展以及海洋资源开发广 度和深度的不断拓展 [1] , 传统与粗放的发展模式导 致近海生物资源衰退、 海洋资源消耗强度大、 海洋 生态环境恶化等问题愈加严重 [2] , 制约中国海洋经 济的可持续发展。因此, 降低海洋资源消耗强度、 提高海洋资源利用效率是海洋经济可持续发展的 关键。由于区域海洋资源禀赋和海洋产业结构的 差异, 我国海洋资源消耗强度存在显著的区域差异 和产业差异, 因此, 深入研究我国海洋三次产业资 源消耗强度变动的贡献因素, 对于实现海洋经济高 质量发展、 缩小区域海洋经济发展差异具有重大 意义 [3] 。 近年来, 国外学者多以单一部门或产业为研究 对象, 从海洋经济效率、 海洋资源系统脆弱性、 海域 承载力、 海洋资源开发与海洋经济增长的关系等视 角展开研究, 如 Pham 等运用数据包络分析(DEA) 探讨了岘港刺网渔业的经济绩效和能力效率 [4] ; Chen 等采用脆弱性指数分析了海洋渔业系统的脆 弱性 [5] ; Ferreira 等介绍了确定贝类养殖区可持续承 载力综合框架的开发和应用 [6] ; Barange 等将气候变 化和开发活动作为影响因素, 建立耦合协调模型探 究海洋经济活动与海洋渔业资源可持续利用的关 系 [7] ; Managi 等建立技术变革的指数变量研究了技 术变化对海洋石油和天然气勘探的影响 [8] 。国内学 者关于海洋资源开发利用的研究则主要集中在如 下几个方面: ①从资源承载力的视角着手, 以海洋 收稿日期: 2018-09-12 修订日期: 2018-11-17 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目 (41671119) ; 辽宁省社科规划基金项目 (L18BJL005) 。Abstract: Based on the connotation of marine resources consumption intensity, this study evaluated the marine resources consumption intensity in China's coastal provinces from 1996 to 2015, revealing its temporal and spatial evolution characteristics. It implemented an improved LMDI to establish a factor decomposition model to analyze the contribution of factors in the change of marine resources consumption intensity and compare the differences. The results showed the following: (1) From 1996 to 2015, the intensity of China' s marine resources consumption demonstrated an overall increasing trend, followed by a gradual decline. For the primary industry, resources consumption intensity exhibited a stable decline, while its fluctuations for the secondary and tertiary industries followed those of China's marine resources consumption intensity. Regarding the spatial evolutions. Moderately high-intensity provinces gradually declined in number, while low-intensity provinces gradually increased. Further, the variation between regions gradually declined.(2) The technological progress, industrial structure, and regional scale effects had contributed to 78.224% , 18.334% , and 3.442% of the total decline in marine resources consumption intensity. The factor decompostion effects varied significantly across provinces. The technological progress effect influenced marine resources consumption intensity in Fujian, while the technological progress and regional scale effects effected Zhejiang, Shandong, and Hainan. The technological progress and industrial structure effects influenced Tianjin, Hebei, and Jiangsu, while the technological progress, industrial structure, and regional scale effects drove decreasing marine resources consumption intensity in Liaoning, Shanghai, Guangdong, and Guangxi. (3) Among the three marine industries, the secondary industry illustrated the largest contribution with the technological progress effect, accounting for 77.118% ; the primary industry did show the largest contribution with the i...
Perovskite manganites with nominal composition La2/3Sr1/3FexMn1-xO3 (x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.5) are prepared by the sol-gel method. The samples are treated three times at 773 K, 873 K and 1073 K, separately, in which processes the temperature is slowly increased. The X-ray diffraction patterns indicate that the samples have a single phase and perovskite structure each. The dimensions of the crystalline particles, lattice constants, cell volumes of the samples are calculated using the XPert HighScore Plus software. The magnetic properties are measured using a Quantum Design Physical Property Measurement System. The magnetic moments of the samples at 10 K decrease with the increase of Fe doping level x. The decreasing process can be divided to two ranges: one is from x=0 to x=0.2, in which range the average magnetic moment per formula decreases rapidly from 2.72 B to 0.33 B, while the Curie temperature decreases rapidly from 327 K to 95 K, i.e., it is reduced by 232 K; the other is from x=0.2 to x=0.5, in which range, however, the average magnetic moment per formula decreases slowly from 0.33 B to 0.05 B, while the Curie temperature decreases slowly from 95 K to 46 K, i.e., it is reduced only by 49 K. The experimental result that the magnetic moments of the samples decrease with the increase of Fe doping level may be explained as the fact that the magnetic moment direction of the Fe cations is opposite to those of Mn cations.
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