After 2006, eight sorts of gall induced by eight segregates of Asphondylia (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) were newly found on eight plant species belonging to six families in Japan. As a result, six described species and 18 seregates of Japanese Asphondylia are now hosted by a total of 32 plant genera belonging to 25 families. Newly recorded host plants include three alien species. These findings imply the second, third and fourth examples of host range expansion to alien plants by Japanese gall midges unless they are alien Asphondylia. In general, gall-inducing cecidomyiids are mono-or oligophagous and hardly expand their host range to newly encountered plants. However, Asphondylia species may be able to expand their host range to alien plants more easily than other gall-inducing cecidomyiids, because some Asphondylia species are polyphagous, multivoltine and sometimes exhibit host alternation. Further information on their morphological features, ecological traits, distribution records and DNA sequencing data will enable species identification and clarify their life history patterns and host ranges.
A total 25 sorts of cecidomyiid gall induced on at least 20 plant species across 12 families were found on Jeju Island in 2005 and in Sunchon and its vicinity in 2009. Among them, 13 sorts were new to Korea. These new findings have brought the total number of sorts of Korean cecidomyiid gall up to 67, of which 58 (86.6 %) are common to Japan. Figures for five sorts of gall that were not shown in the colored illustrated book (Yukawa & Masuda, 1996) are provided in the present paper for future convenience in identifying galls and gall-inducing cecidomyiids.
Wesurveyed the species richness of galling arthropods in northeastern Australia in October 2002 and found 38 sorts of arthropod gall. The gall midge species richness on Eucalyptus spp. may support the microenvironment hypothesis in which the galling habit is considered to be adaptive to dry areas. In Green Island, the species richness of galling arthropods was very poor, since the island is too small and far out at sea. The galling species richness in Daintree National Park was apparently higher than the data recorded by Price et al. (1998) in the places locating on lower latitudes, but was lower than the previous data in Iguassu and Amazon,Brazil. The present data indicates that the species richness of galling arthropods is relatively high both under humid conditions and under high plant species richness in tropical rainforests.
The Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, transmits pathogenic bacteria that cause the citrus greening disease Huanglongbing . To examine an effective method to reduce the orientation of D. citri adults, the effect of a UV-absorbing film was compared with that of a normal film in the laboratory. The number of adults oriented under the UV-absorbing film was significantly fewer than those under the normal film. The UV-absorbing film is could be used as a physical pest control material against Diaphorina citri.
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