The article presents a critical review of the Russian draft bill of “the Grishin Law” on the regulation of relations in the field of robotics. The subject of the research is the problem of vesting autonomous robots with legal personality characteristics. The theoretical basis of the article is the modern scientific achievements in the field of artificial intelligence and neural networks, the legal debate on the social and legal implications of the use of autonomous robots. The authors analyze the approaches of the bill developers in terms of endowing autonomous robots with the characteristics of a subject of law. The authors come to the conclusion that it is necessary to develop a universal international document on the matter of establishing liability for harm caused by autonomous robots and introducing a safety requirement of this technology for a person at the level of technical standards.
Development of the entrepreneurial sector requires information on the current risk levels in economy. The paper deals with three levels of entrepreneurial risk: acceptable, critical and catastrophic. The research aim is to assess the values of entrepreneurial risk that has been existing in recent years in aggregates of small and medium enterprises, formed by size and industry characteristics. Risk evaluation was made on the base of official statistics, characterize activity of all medium enterprises, small enterprises and microenterprises situated in Russia in 2015 and 2016. The paper presents the results of risk assessment for a set of medium enterprises, small enterprises and microenterprises in the Russian economy. From the results of the study it has been concluded that there is a significant differentiation of entrepreneurial risk levels by the types of economic activity. The industries with the maximum and minimum values of the existing entrepreneurial risks have been determined. The research outcomes can be used by entrepreneurs including beginners; federal, regional and municipal departments' authorities related to the regulation of entrepreneurial activity; financial and credit, insurance, leasing organizations.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.