At present, the problems of increasing the efficiency of foreign economic activity of enterprises are gaining special relevance. Therefore, the purpose of this study is the analytical assessment and development of forecasts of the volume and structure of foreign economic activity in Ukraine using economic and mathematical tools. The article established that forecasting as an effective tool for planning the foreign economic activities of enterprises allows for making informed management decisions when forming export strategies, identifying reserves for increasing the efficiency of the organization of international logistics activities, and optimizing the structure of export-import operations. This will contribute to the reduction of costs for foreign economic logistics activities and losses due to the optimization of flows and improvement of information support for their movement; increase in the quality of logistics service and the level of customer service, profitability from the sale of products and the level of competitiveness of enterprises on international sales markets. Keywords foreign economic activity, foreign trade, international logistics, customs logistics, customs policy, export policy, customs regime, transit regime, export, import, international economic partnership, cooperation, globalization, European integration.
The agricultural sector is the driver and “point of growth” of the national economy of Ukraine. Agriculture accounts for an average of 16% of gross value added in some regions and play a key role in ensuring food security. However, the current conditions of martial law in Ukraine have led to problems in the organization of logistics activities of enterprises of the agro-industrial complex as a result of non-fulfilment of the terms of contracts; emergence of risks of disruption of the sowing campaign; decrease in final harvest indicators and the level of food security; decrease in the volume of export deliveries of agricultural products; disruption of food supply chains; lack of adequate financing and logistics infrastructure facilities; insufficiently effective use of marketing management tools and a network approach in the process of distributing agricultural products to the final consumer; increase in transaction costs, etc. The article provides a statistical analysis of the main indicators of the development of foreign economic activity of enterprises of the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine in the pre-war period. Barriers that inhibit the effective organization of international logistics activities of agrarian enterprises in wartime have been identified. Priority directions for eliminating existing barriers that prevent the organization of foreign economic logistics activities are proposed, the essence of which is to activate network interaction and partnership relations based on the creation of agro-cluster structures; unification of small farms for the proper execution of contracts, as well as joint activity in the agrarian sphere of two or more companies and different groups of stakeholders to achieve a common goal and a synergistic effect.
The agricultural sector is the driver and “point of growth” of the national economy of Ukraine. Agriculture accounts for an average of 16% of gross value added in some regions and plays a key role in ensuring food security. However, the current conditions of martial law in Ukraine have led to problems in the organization of logistics activities of enterprises of the agro-industrial complex as a result of non-fulfillment of the terms of contracts; the emergence of risks of disruption of the sowing campaign; decrease in final harvest indicators and the level of food security; decrease in the volume of export deliveries of agricultural products; disruption of food supply chains; lack of adequate financing and logistics infrastructure facilities; insufficient effective use of marketing management tools and a network approach in the process of distributing agricultural products to the final consumer; increase in transaction costs, etc. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to study modern challenges, threats, trends and barriers in the organization of international logistics activities of agrarian enterprises in the conditions of war. The article theoretically summarizes and systematizes conceptual approaches to determining the economic essence of the concepts of “foreign economic activity” and “international logistics”. A statistical analysis of the main indicators of the development of foreign economic activity of enterprises of the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine in the pre-war period was performed. Barriers that inhibit the effective organization of international logistics activities of agrarian enterprises in wartime have been identified. Priority directions for eliminating existing barriers that prevent the organization of foreign economic logistics activities are proposed, the essence of which is to activate network interaction and partnership relations based on the creation of agrocluster structures; unification of small farms for the proper execution of contracts, as well as joint activity in the agrarian sphere of two or more companies and different groups of stakeholders to achieve a common goal and a synergistic effect. Keywords national economy, agro-industrial complex, agricultural enterprises, logistics activity, foreign economic activity, the structure of foreign trade, international logistics, export-import operations, investments of foreign economic activity, threats, challenges, barriers, logistical problems, management of relations with consumers, marketing management, logistics management.
Проаналізовано й узагальнено теоретичні засади зовнішньоекономічної діяльності підприємств. Досліджено ключові аспекти логістичного забезпечення організації зовнішньоекономічної діяльності суб’єктів господарювання. На основі методів угруповань і класифікації умовно систематизовано підходи до трактування міжнародної логістики, які запропоновано різними науковими школами, за такими групами: основа глобальної логістики; функціональна сфера логістики; наука про управління; процес управління; функції управління; мистецтво управління потоками; метод управління потоками; стратегічне управління міжнародним ланцюгом поставок. Запропоновано авторський підхід до визначення змісту терміна «міжнародна логістика», новизна якого полягає у тому, що це визначення базується на комплексному підході і відображає безперервний процес управління потоками ресурсів при послідовному здійсненні всього переліку процесів міжнародної логістичної діяльності.
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